Libedinsky, Yuri Nikolaevich

Born on November 28 ( December 10 ), 1898 in Odessa, in a Jewish family: his father is a graduate of the Jensky and Derpt Universities , Nikolai Lvovich (Natan Liberovich), a private child and sanitary doctor, Lebedinsky (1868-1920) ^[1] , his mother is Tatyana Vladimirovna, a dentist Lebedinsky (nee Toyba Vulfovna Nakhimson, 1870-1941). He spent his childhood in the Miass factory and in the village of Turgoyak in the Urals , where his father served as a doctor at the mining factory since about 1901, and during the Russo-Japanese War as a doctor at the front-line hospital and then in the Miass factory. In 1909, the family moved to Chelyabinsk , where parents received patients in the house of A. S. Bukharin on Asian Street (corner of Mikhailovskaya). In 1910, the future writer entered the city real school ^[2] . In 1916, his father was transferred to Ufa , where he served as the head of a military hospital, and after the February Revolution, the family returned to Chelyabinsk, where from 1919 his father headed the sanitary department in the regional health department, in the fall of 1919 - in the winter of 1920 he entered the “troika” of Chekatif (Extraordinary Commission to combat typhoid) during the typhoid epidemic in the Urals and Siberia (19 hospitals and 12 typhoid hospitals were deployed in Chelyabinsk) and died of typhoid in January 1920.

In 1918 he graduated from a real school in Chelyabinsk . Member of the Civil War in the Urals, served as a political instructor. In 1919, his satirical poem, Gray Patfinder, became widespread. In the fall of 1920, he returned to Chelyabinsk, served in the political department of the military commissariat, worked in the newspaper Sovetskaya Pravda (later the Chelyabinsk Worker). Member of the RCP (b) since 1920 . In 1921 he was sent to Yekaterinburg as a teacher of military commissars. Then until 1923 he was a teacher at the Higher Military School of Communications in Moscow, then worked as a turner at the Moscow Electromechanical Plant named after Lenin.

He began to engage in literature in a real school, took part in the publication of the student’s literary magazine “First Steps”, wrote stories under the pseudonym “Yu. Logan "; published since 1921. In 1928 he moved to Leningrad , led a writing organization. Active activist of the October groups, MAPP , one of the leaders of the RAPP . Chairman of the Central Audit Commission of the USSR Joint Venture since 1934.

In 1936 he returned to Moscow. In June 1937, expelled from the party for Trotskyism (reinstated in 1939).

During the Great Patriotic War he went to the militia, then - the correspondent of the front-line newspapers "Red Warrior" and "Red Star". Major ^[3] . After the shell shock in 1942, he was treated at the hospital, where he met his last wife, Lydia Tolstoy . After returning to service - again in the newspaper "Red Warrior". He was awarded the medal "For the Defense of Moscow" (1944).

The first fame came to Yu. N. Libedinsky with the publication of the novel "The Week" ( 1922 ), which was noted among others by A. K. Voronsky ) about revolutionary events in Chelyabinsk. He is the author of the novels The Commissars ( 1925 ), the novels Tomorrow ( 1923 ), The Turn ( 1927 ), The Birth of a Hero ( 1930 ), Batash and Bataille ( 1940 - 1941 ), military essays and short stories, books for youth "Education of the soul" ( 1962 ), memoirs "Contemporaries" ( 1958 ) and "Connection of times" ( 1962 ).

In 1927 he took part in the collective novel "Big Fires" , published in the magazine " Spark ".

He died of a heart attack on November 24, 1959 . He was buried in Moscow at the Novodevichy cemetery (plot number 8).

• Sister - Rakhil Nikolaevna Lebedinskaya (1902-1989), associate professor of the Department of Fundamentals of Marxism-Leninism of the Faculty of History of Leningrad State University (her son is Doctor of Chemistry, professor Geliy Emilievich Yelkin, 1932—?). Brother - musicologist Lev Nikolaevich Libedinsky .
• The first wife (1922-1928) - Marianna Anatolyevna Gerasimova (1901-1944, committed suicide after being released from ITL ), in 1923-1930 an employee of the OGPU (in 1928-1930 the head and assistant chief of the INFO OGPU), cousin of the film director Sergei Gerasimov ^[4] . Her sister, prose writer Valery Gerasimov , was married to writers A. A. Fadeev and B. M. Levin .
• The second wife (1930-1939) - actress Maria Fedorovna Bergholz (1912-2003), sister of the poetess Olga Bergholz .
  • The son is a historian, economist Mikhail Yuryevich Lebedinsky (1931-2006).
• The third wife (1940-1942) is Olga Sergeevna Neklyudova ^[5] , a children's writer, later the wife of Varlam Shalamov (1956-1965).
  • Son - folklorist Sergei Yurievich Neklyudov ^[6] .
• The fourth wife (1942-1959) is the writer Lidia Borisovna Libedinskaya (nee Tolstaya).
  • Daughters - philologist Tatyana Yuryevna Guberman (born 1943, wife of the poet Igor Guberman ); editor Lidia Yuryevna Libedinskaya (born 1944, daughter-in-law of the literary critic G. A. Leskiss ); linguist Nina Yuryevna Patlas (born 1952, wife of mime actor and rabbi Gregory Zvi Patlas); Maria Yurievna Govorova (Libedinskaya, born 1939, wife of the poet Alexander Govorov ), adopted daughter. Son - engineer Alexander Yuryevich Libedinsky (1948-1990, was married to actress Natalya Zhuravleva , son-in-law of the People's Artist of the USSR D.N. Zhuravlev ).
• Daughter (from a civil marriage with Tatyana Ivzekova) - Natalya Lvovna Ivzekova (after Krylova’s husband, born 1930), candidate of pedagogical sciences, teacher of the Russian language, speech therapist.

• 1931 - “Works. T. 1-2 ". M., OGIZ-GIHL
• 1958 - "Selected Works in 2 Volumes." M., Goslitizdat
• 1972 - "Favorites in 2 volumes." M., Fiction.
• 1980 - "Selected Works in 2 Volumes." M., Fiction
• 1923 - " Week ", a story
• 1924 - “Tomorrow”, Young Guard, L.-M. (expresses disappointment at NEP )
• 1926 - “Commissars”, L., Surf
• 1927 - "Study, creativity and self-criticism." M.
• 1929 - The Turn. Novel. Prince one.
• 1930 - “The Birth of a Hero” (rejection of idealization of the image of a party worker provoked sharp criticism)
• 1930 - The Heights. Drama. L.
• 1933 - The Eve
• 1933 - "Tales of the Comrades." M.
• 1940 - “Batash and Bataille”. M.
• 1943 - The Guards. M.
• 1946 - The Yugov Cannon. Magadan
• 1947 - “Mountains and People”, M., Soviet writer
• 1950 - “They became the Guards”
• 1952 - The Glow
• 1956 - The Son of the Party. M. (co-authored with E.O. Blok)
• 1957 - "Morning of the Soviets", M.
• 1958 - Contemporaries. M.
• 1962 - The Connection of Times. Memories
• 1963 - Family Matters. M.

• Order of the Red Banner of Labor (1958)
• medal "For the defense of Moscow" (2.8.1944)

• Cossack V. Lexicon of Russian literature of the XX century = Lexikon der russischen Literatur ab 1917 / [trans. with him.]. - M .: RIC "Culture", 1996. - XVIII, 491, [1] p. - 5,000 copies. - ISBN 5-8334-0019-8 .
• Memoirs of S. A. Yesenin ^[7] .