Battle cry - a loud call during the battle, designed to cheer up comrades, intimidate the enemy or seek support from higher forces. In addition, the battle cry was an identification mark that made it possible to distinguish in the thick of the battle from strangers [1] . Another useful function of the battle cry is to create a feeling of unity with comrades (the so-called sense of elbow).
Most nomadic tribes , along with the tribal tamga , had their own “« ran " - a battle cry [2] .
In heraldry - an exclamation, an appeal in the form of an utterance of an exalted, most often belligerent nature. It is placed over the coat of arms and its upper decorations on the ribbon [3] .
In the language of the Scots, “battle cry” is called the word slogan [4] .
Content
Real Cries
Ancient World (under 476)
- Alale! ( dr. Greek Ἀλαλά ) - the Hellenic war cry, which is believed to have been an imitation of the terrifying howl of an owl. It is also the name of the goddess personifying battle cries.
- Baritus is the Roman name for the battle cry of Germanic tribes from the time of Tacitus [5] .
- Nobiscum Deus ( lat. God is with us! ) Is the war cry of the late Roman and Byzantine empire [6] .
- Aharay! - (Follow me!) In Hebrew - the battle cry of the ancient Jews .
- Mara! - the battle cry of the Sarmatians . [7] .
New time (end of the 15th century - 1918)
- Hooray! - a war cry and an exclamation of joy and triumph in many European languages.
- Alga! (Kyrgyz. Alga, Kaz. Alғa - forward ) - the battle cry of the Kazakhs (along with generic uranium , Tatars and Kyrgyz ).
- Banzai ! ("10,000 years") - Japanese war cry.
- Jai Mahakali, Ayo Gorkhali! - (“Glory to the Great Kali, go Gurkhas!”) - the war cry of the Gurkhas [8] [9] .
- Viv l'emper! ( Fr. Vive l'Empereur!; Long live the emperor!) - The cry of Napoleonic armies.
Recent times (since 1918)
- Give! - The war cry of warriors of all sides during the civil war in Russia.
- Viva Cristo Rey y Santa Maria de Guadalupe! (Long live our Lord Christ and St. Mary of Guadalupe!) - the war cry of Mexican cristeros [10] .
- Allahu akbar! ( الله أكبر "God is the greatest") - Islamic war cry.
- Jeronimo ! - The battle cry of the US airborne paratroopers [11] .
Invented Cries
- Kawabanga! - shouting Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles in the eponymous animated series and comics.
- Baruk Kazad! Kazad Ai-Menu! (Dwarven axes! (Or “Dwarfs to axes!”) Dwarves are coming!) - the war cry of the dwarves in the works of J. R. R. Tolkien [12] .
Notes
- ↑ Rinecker F. , Mayer G. Battle Cry // Brockhaus Bible Encyclopedia . - Christliche Verlagsbuchhandlung Paderborn, 1999 .-- 1226 p.
- ↑ Uranium - battle cries of the Kazakhs //Kazakh.ru
- ↑ Battle Cry State Symbols
- ↑ Gérard de Sorval. Secret language of the coat of arms = Le Langage secret du blason. - Paris: Albin Michel, 1981.- S. 65 .-- 232 p. - ISBN 2226010920 .
- ↑ Reconstruction of the Dark Ages. Anglo-Saxon Ten //britanniae.ru
- ↑ Charles Oman. Military art in the Middle Ages. / Per. from English V.P. Mikhailov - M .: Tsentrpoligraf, 2011 .-- 191 p. ISBN 978-5-9524-4945-9
- ↑ AMMIANI MARCELLINI HISTORIAE LIBER XIX // Ammianus Marcellinus HISTORIAE LIBER XIX — XI 10
- ↑ Gurkhas and sherpas // Asiophile and Oriental club site
- ↑ Dmitry Makarov Militarism. Soldiers for export intertrend.ru
- ↑ ¡Viva Cristo Rey! | Catholic Answers
- ↑ Geronimo US Airborne Troops //vdv-usa.ru
- ↑ Tolkien J.R. R. Lord of the Rings. Trilogy. Prince 3. The Return of the King / J. R. R. Tolkien; Per. from English A.V. Nemirova. - M .: LLC "Publishing house AST"; Kharkov: Folio, 2002. - 429 p. ISBN 5-17-009971-1 (LLC AST Publishing House) Book. 3, ISBN 5-17-008954-6 (General), ISBN 966-03-1124-9 (Folio Publishing House) ( P. 442 )