Sir John Vanbrugh ( born Sir John Vanbrugh ; baptized January 24, 1664 - March 26, 1726 ) is a British playwright and architect , the most significant representative of English Baroque . In 1714, King George I granted him a knighthood.
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Vanbru had Flemish roots. From a youth he was interested in military affairs, in 1690, when visiting Calais, he was arrested by the French authorities as a spy . After returning to England after two years of imprisonment, he continued to be in military service until 1698.
During the French arrest, Vanbroux mastered the principles of Moliere Comedy and even sketched his own. In 1695, his debut comedy of manners “The Incorrigible, or Virtue in Danger” was staged in London. She was received with enthusiasm by the audience and for a long time did not leave the stage. A similar triumph awaited the second play of Vanbru, “Offended Wife” (1697).
The popularity of Vanbru plays was outraged by the Puritan sections of the public, who reproached him for obscenity. Nevertheless, the young author continued to turn French farces until the age of forty, when a passion for architecture suddenly awoke in him.
His first project was the Castle Howard country palace, designed in 1702 for the royal treasurer, Lord Carlisle. Already in this early work, Vanbruh's deep interest in the continental Baroque style, with its deliberately theatrical effects and conventions, is evident. This style did not take root in prim England, and the works of Vanbru, in essence, are his only manifestations north of the English Channel .
Vanbruh's unlimited fantasy and his addiction to dramatic effects was systematized, limited and put into practical scope by his assistant and companion - Nicholas Hawksmoor , an experienced professional who worked with Christopher Wren for a long time. Vanbru and Hawksmoor were perhaps the most famous couple in the history of architecture. Their joint masterpiece was the Blenim Palace (1705), designed for the great commander - the Duke of Marlborough .
The quarrel with the duke's wife forced Vanbra to curtail participation in the implementation of the best of her projects and seek other orders. Lord Carlisle recommended it to Queen Anne , who was not slow in recruiting Vanbru to work and entrusting him with the construction of an opera house on the Haymarket in London . This theater still exists, but is among the failures of Vanbru, mainly because of its useless acoustics.
After the death of Hawksmoor, Vanbru continued to design alone, and his ideas became more concise and geometric over time. His last masterpiece is Seaton Delawal Manor in Northumberland - a small house that impresses the palace with a lucky location of heavy masses and stately proportions.
See also
Z. A. Vengerova . Vanbro // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- ↑ 1 2 BNF identifier : Open Data Platform 2011.
- ↑ John Vanbrugh
- ↑ 1 2 SNAC - 2010.
- ↑ Find a Grave - 1995. - ed. size: 165000000
- ↑ Union List of Artist Names - 2010.