The “Scottish” monastery in Vienna ( German Schottenstift , the full name is German Benediktinerabtei unserer Lieben Frau zu den Schotten , Benedictine Abbey of our beloved Mother with the Scots ) is a Catholic monastery in Freyung Square in central Vienna, founded in 1155.
| Sight | |
| "Scottish" monastery in Vienna | |
|---|---|
| Schottenstift | |
 | |
| A country |  Austria |
| City | Vein |
| Denomination | Catholicism |
| Diocese | |
| Type of | Benedictine |
| Architectural style | Baroque |
| Founder | 1155 |
| Established | |
| Building | 1638 - 1774 years |
| Site | |
History
This year, Henry II (Duke of Austria) settled in Vienna the monks who arrived from the "Scottish" monastery of St. Jacob in Regensburg . The foundation of the monastery was connected with the transfer of the ducal capital from Klosterneuburg to Vienna; the duke needed the presence of competent advisers.
It would be more correct to call the “Scottish” monasteries Irish - it was the Irish monks who became famous for their missionary work in central Europe and founded monasteries there (the Irishman St. Coloman was considered the patron of Austria in 1244–1663). Ireland in medieval Latin was called Scotia Major ( Great Scotland ), and the Irish-founded cloisters are still known as “Scottish”.
In 1160–1200 the “Scots” built the first Romanesque church , where Henry II was buried in 1177; at that time the site was outside the city walls. This church burned down in 1276. In 1365 the "Scots" stood at the origins of the University of Vienna . In 1418, Albrecht II (king of Germany) took the monastery from the "Scots" and handed it over to the Benedictines, but the name has been preserved to this day.
In 1638 the church burned down again - from a lightning strike. The new, preserved, monastery complex was built by architects Andrea d'Allio (Jr.) and Silvestro Carlone, the altar was carved by Joachim von Zandrart . The old altar of 1470 has survived, curious not only as a model of Gothic architecture , but also as evidence of what Vienna was like in the 15th century (the altar depicts city views). The organist of the cathedral was the composer Johann Fuchs . Subsequently, several projects of the superstructure of the two towers of the monastery church arose repeatedly, but not one was realized.
In 1773-1774, the architect Andreas Zach built a new house for the school and the Priory , which for its appearance received the name "chest of drawers" ( German Schubladkastenhaus ). In 1825, the Black Mother of God Fountain ( German Schwarze Muttergottes ) was built.
Since 2005, the museum exhibition has been resumed in the monastery building.
Links
- Franz Goldhann: Gülten-Buch des Schottenklosters in Wien v. J. 1314-1327 . In: Quellen und Forschungen zur vaterländischen Geschichte, Literatur und Kunst. Braumüller, Wien 1849, S. 163-208 PDF (link not available)