It is sometimes Id ( lat. Id , eng. It , him. Es - it ) in psychoanalysis is one of the structures described by Freud. It is an unconscious part of the psyche , a set of instinctive drives.
The Latin word Eid was introduced as an analogue of the English IT , used by Freud's translators to translate its German "das Es". Likewise, the Russian psychoanalytic term “It” is only a translation or a kind of language adaptation from Latin and German.
Term History
The psychoanalytic term "It" ( German das Es ) Freud borrowed from the German physician George Groddek to separate and designate the unorganized parts of the human mental apparatus. English translators of Groddek usually preferred “the IT ”, from which Latin ID and Russian IT grew.
According to Freud , man is a closed energy system; the amount of energy in each person constantly. Being unconscious and irrational, “It” obeys the principle of pleasure , that is, reducing displeasure is the goal of the processes that take place in “It” [1] . In the broadest sense of the word, id includes all desires generated by perception and memories of the satisfaction of basic physiological needs [2] . In the Essay on Psychoanalysis, Freud notes that “We call the most archaic of mental provinces (instances) the sphere of It; its content is everything that we inherited, is present from birth and is completely rooted in our constitution. And this is, above all, attraction, taking their origin in the body and finding here manifestations in forms unknown to us " [3] .
In his works, Freud emphasizes that It is "a dark, inaccessible part of our personality. People come to It through analogies: they call it chaos, a seething cauldron of arousal." Some other important assumptions of Freud regarding It were that It functions on the basis of the primary mental process, contains free moving energy and acts in accordance with the principle of pleasure. These assumptions make It subject to all contradictions associated with the theory of drives, ideas about mental energy, and the economic approach [4] .
Notes
- ↑ Stolyarenko L. D. Fundamentals of Psychology. / 13th edition. - Rostov n / D: "Phoenix", 2005,
- ↑ Alexander Pavlov, Moscow, alexandr_pavlov@psychoanalyst.ru. :: 1 :: The principle of pleasure and the avoidance of displeasure = Psychoanalyst.Ru = The principle of pleasure, Ego (I), Super-Ego (Super-I) and Id (It) are the four basic concepts on which psychoanalysis is based . www.psychoanalyst.ru. The appeal date is June 29, 2017.
- ↑ Freud Z. Essay on Psychoanalysis (1940) (rus.) , Psychoanalysis | Psychoanalysis (July 15, 2014). The appeal date is June 29, 2017.
- ↑ It - Basic concepts of psychoanalysis. www.psychoanalyse.ru. The appeal date is June 26, 2017.
See also
- Psychoanalysis
- Superego
- Ego