Greenhouse

Archaeological excavations indicate that the first settlers appeared here about 10-40 thousand years ago. Subsequently, the Celts lived here (in the 4th century BC), and after them the Germanic tribes of the Marcomances and Quads.

Thermal springs were discovered here as early as 762. However, the first confirmed information about the mention of one of the district of the city - Trnovan, dates back to 1057. Further development of Teplice dates back to the 12th century. In 1160, Queen Judita (the wife of Vladislav I), near the ancient Slavic settlement, founded the monastery of Benedictine nuns. A century later, a fortified Gothic city arose on this site. The well-known road “To the Saxons” passed through Teplice. The monastery ceased to exist shortly after the end of the Hussite Wars . All the property of the monastery was transferred to private ownership.

The owners of the city often succeeded each other, a castle in the Renaissance style was built on the site of the monastery. The resort industry continued to develop. The last Czech owner, Teplice, Willem Vhinsky from Vchinitz and Albrecht von Wallenstein, was killed in February 1643 in Cheb . These territories were confiscated by the emperor and the right to possess them was transferred to the German Jan from Aldringen , who died the same year under unclear circumstances, without having seen his new lands. By right of inheritance of the land, Teplice passed to his sister, who changed her surname to Clary in marriage.

After the Thirty Years War, the partially destroyed local population was replenished by German immigrants, whose descendants lived here until the 1945 evacuation. By 1680, the lists of vacationers at local resorts (the oldest in the Czech Republic) that have survived to this day belong. Klari-Aldringen rebuilds the castle and decorates it in the Baroque style , also in 1718 the Plague pillar of the Holy Trinity (by Matthias Brown ) was built, which now adorns Zamiecki Square.

In the XVIII century, industry was developing rapidly, in 1742 copper mines appeared. Teplice becomes the center of textile production (in particular, stocking ). In 1793, a severe fire broke out in the city, in which either a large part of the wooden buildings were completely burned out or were significantly damaged. The city of Teplice was rebuilt, thanks to which its architecture acquired the features of classicism (this significantly distinguishes it from all other cities of the Czech Republic).

A significant event in the life of the settlement is the (random) meeting of Beethoven and Goethe in one of the parks. At the place of their meeting, a memorial plaque is now installed.

Teplice became the place of signing in 1813 an agreement between Russia , Prussia and Austria against Napoleon.

In 1938, these lands were transferred to the Third Reich as part of the "original German lands" - the Sudetenland . Teplice was liberated in the spring of 1945. During the Prague operation to liberate the capital of Czechoslovakia , Teplice became a collection and transit point for Soviet troops from Germany to cleanse Prague from Nazi occupation.

Teplice is located in the warm climatic region of the Czech Republic . The average air temperature (for the time period from 1961 to 2000) in January is −1.8 ° C, in July about 18.2 ° C. The average annual rainfall is 563 mm. In Teplice there are (especially often from October to March) diurnal temperature fluctuations. The air condition has improved significantly over the past 90 years. The city is located at an altitude of 220-399 meters above sea level.

In previous centuries, a fairly large community of Jews lived here, which owned a separate area of ​​the city. Also, there used to be a synagogue, which was burned in March 1939. About 6,000 people were exiled to concentration camps. Currently, there is not a large Jewish community at all, most of whose members are Holocaust survivors.

In addition to resort services, the city has a wide network of health care facilities: a district hospital and clinic, 5 trustee services, numerous public and private practitioners, 11 pharmacies in different parts of the city.

History

On July 17, 1888, a fund-raising fund for the construction of a hospital began its work. In 1891, various projects were put forward by local companies, of which one was selected - on the model of Berlin and Vienna hospitals - for 130 beds. The cost of the work was estimated at 200,000 zlotys. In April 1895, construction was completed and (after equipping with all the necessary equipment) was inaugurated on August 18, 1896. In subsequent years, various reconstructions of the building were carried out. But during the First World War, the building was catastrophically dilapidated.

Only in 1924 did the district administrative commission begin to solve this problem - a plan was drawn up for the gradual reconstruction of the hospital. In 1925, land adjacent to the perimeter of the hospital was purchased (about 25 hectares). Reconstruction continued until 1931 (during this time a new reception, surgical and infectious ward, various technical structures were built, landscaping and equipment upgrades were carried out. The capacity increased to 592 beds. The reconstruction costs amounted to about 32,000,000 kroons.

• Anger
• Nova Ves
• Bila Cesta
• Shanov I - Old Shanov (Šanov I)
• Shanov II - New Shanov (Šanov II)
• Prosetice
• Жетetenice
• Letna (Letná)
• Center (Centrum)
• Trnovany

• Imperial sanatorium named after Franz Joseph the First (Císařské lázně, jméno po císaři Franzi Josefovi I)
• Beethoven Holiday Home (Lázeňský dům Beethoven)
• Garden resort (Sadové lázně)
• Stone Resort (Kamenné lázně)
  • Jirasek (branch of Stone Resort)
• New resort (Nové lázně)
• Health resort (Vojenské lázně)
• Snake resort (Hadí lázně)
• Giovanni Giacomo SPA-Hotel (named after Giovanni Giacomo Casanova)

A traditional event is the annual opening ceremony of the holiday season, which takes place on the last April weekend.

The main centers of culture in the city are:

• Krushnogorsk Theater
• North Bohemian Philharmonic
• House of Culture
• District library
• Botanical Garden
• Cinema "May" (kino "Květen")
• Gallery Bohemia Art
• Teplice Regional Museum (located in an old castle in the city center)
• Sand Czech Mountain North Bohemian Observatory and Shanov Planetarium

The city has 16 secondary schools and a number of secondary specialized educational institutions:

• Industrial School Teplice
• Hotel School
• Textile (sewing) school
• School of construction
• Trading Academy
• Conservatory
• Medical School
• Gymnasium Teplice

The city has several dozen physical education associations and clubs. The most famous is the Teplice football club (it is a member of the Gambrinus League - the major league of the Czech championship). You can also distinguish such sports clubs as SK Zvezda, SK Trnovany, SK Lokomotiv Teplice, SK Boneks, SK AGC.

In 2008, Balticflora mini-football club was founded ^[2] , which currently plays in the first (highest) division of the Czech championship. According to the results of the seasons 2009/2010, 2010/2011 and 2013/2014, the team won silver medals in the Czech Championship. In the 2013/2014 season, Balticflora won the Czech Cup.

The city holds a men's tennis tournament in the futures category.

Car Post

Traffic in Teplice is difficult only in the historical part of the city, where the streets are narrow and were not originally designed for vehicles. In general, the movement is calm and free, thanks to the erected multi-level road junctions.

Public Transport

City public transport first appeared in Teplice in 1895. At that time, trams appeared on the streets (then universally introduced in the Czech Republic). In the fifties of the 20th century, trams became insufficiently mobile and convenient to use to meet the needs of a growing population. The tram service was finally discontinued in 1959.

According to the initial plans, trolleybuses were only to supplement trams. The first trolleybus line was erected in 1952 and quickly replaced trams from the transport network. Teplice's trolleybus fleet reached its largest size in the 80s and early 90s, but then stagnation began and the park was disbanded. At the present time, modern and modernized trolleybuses are again becoming an integral part of the public life of the city.

Buses appeared in the 20s of the XX century, but gained popularity only after the Second World War.

In 2007, the transport company offered 27 bus (city and suburban) and 10 trolleybus routes. Since 2008, the French company Veolia Transport has been the owner of the Teplice transport company.

Rail Transport

The Teplice in Czechs railway station is a major transport hub. The first railway line from Usti nad Labem to Teplice was built in 1859 and was then continued to Chomutov .

Botanical Garden Teplice

The Botanical Gardens served as a reason for pride of their founders and patrons of the city, a place of knowledge of the distant and exotic, and were an ordinary part of large and famous cities. The foundation of the botanical garden in Teplice was laid under the leadership of Prince Clary-Aldringen. Buildings of such a plan were then called "Stadtgärtnerei", that is, urban gardening, and worked in the resorts to provide them with freshly cut flowers or winter palm trees.

Thanks to the efforts of local public figures, in March 1975 it was possible to reconstruct the greenhouses and make the Botanical Garden publicly available.

In 2004, a large-scale reconstruction was carried out - the old greenhouses and hotbeds were demolished and in their place, new ones were erected from the foundation.

Currently, the garden has an area of ​​2 hectares, of which more than a hectare is reserved for outdoor exposure, the area of ​​greenhouses is 2400 sq.m. A statue of Yum Kaax, god of the Mayan tribe, keeper of plants and animals, is erected at the entrance to the conservatory. The first hall is stylized as a South Asian pagoda (Teplice artisans took an active part in its construction and decoration). Then visitors get into the hall with desert plants (from Mexico and South Africa, for example), the special value of this department is the flora of Socotra island. An exposition of tropical rainforest awaits visitors in a tropical greenhouse, in addition to vegetation, several terrariums and aquariums with inhabitants of this natural zone are installed here. In the subtropical greenhouse there are plants from the Andes, the Himalayas and New Zealand, as well as a small exhibition on the formation of brown coal in the foothills of the Ore Mountains.

• Teplice, a resort in the Czech Republic // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.

• teplice.cz (Czech) - official website of Teplice