Alexander Garden is the central and one of the oldest parks in the administrative center of the Kirov region of the city of Kirov , Russia .
| Alexander Garden | |
|---|---|
 Entrance Pavilion | |
| basic information | |
| Type of | a park |
| Established | 1825 |
| Architect | Alexander Vitberg |
| Status |  An object of cultural heritage of the peoples of the Russian Federation of federal significance. Reg. No. 431420074720006 ( EGROKN ). (Wikigid database) |
| Location | |
| A country |
|
| The subject of the Russian Federation | Kirov region |
The entrance portico (see photo) and the cast-iron fence were developed in 1838-1840. designed by Moscow architect Vitberg , who was in exile in Vyatka ; the central pavilion and the coastal rotunda - according to the drawings of the Vyatka provincial architect Alexander Egorovich Timofeev in 1835.
History
The city public garden was established in the fall of 1825 under the governor A.I. Rykhlevsky after visiting Vyatka by Emperor Alexander I. To begin with, we determined a plot of land with an area of 10 906 square fathoms and planted trees - birch, linden, mountain ash and bird cherry. The place for cultivating the garden was chosen very well. It occupied a cape formed by the banks of the Vyatka River and the slope of the Razderikhinsky ravine. In the XVII century the northern part of the Khlynovsky Posad was located here, and chopped branches of the fortress walls adjoined along the edge of the log. The territory of the garden had a significant architectural environment. Having covered the corps of provincial public places with a half-ring, she came close from the embankment to the fence of the Pyatnitsky church and ended at the walls of the Transfiguration of the Virgin's Monastery.
The official opening of the garden took place on August 30, 1835. At the initiative of the newly appointed governor K. Ya. Tyufyaev, the local surveyor M. Ivakin previously drafted a master plan, according to which the alleys, paths and lawns of the garden were broken down. Then they built two wooden arbors according to the drawings of the provincial architect A.E. Timofeev and a stone bridge. In December 1835, with the permission of the emperor, the garden was named "Alexander" in honor of the heir to the throne, the future Tsar Alexander II. The final link in the ensemble of the Alexander Garden was the cast-iron fence and gate, built in 1838-1840 according to the project of the outstanding architect and artist A. L. Vitberg. The construction work was preceded by the leveling of the square in front of the garden and the alignment of the fence line.
The initial breakdown of the park by a system of alleys and paths combined elements of strict regular style and picturesque details of natural landscape architecture. The main planning axis of the park is the central alley, the perspective of which is effectively closed by the silhouette of the park pavilion. Then, going around the relief folds, the path passed along the edge of the ravine, leading along the decorative bridge to the climax of the ensemble - the coastal rotunda. The complex of park structures was successfully complemented by a small memorial chapel, built in 1875 on the other side of the Razderikhinsky ravine. In the second half of the XIX and XX centuries, a summer club, a cinema, a chess pavilion, a dance floor and various attractions appeared on the territory of the garden, but they did not last long. The rotundas, the entrance portal and the lattice of the Alexander Garden can be safely put among the best achievements of Russian landscape gardening of the period of late classicism.
The magnificent ensemble of the Alexander Garden is rightfully considered one of the best works of park architecture of provincial classicism.
Illustrations
Gazebo rotunda
Coastal rotunda
View from the garden to Vyatka
S. Yu. Zhukovsky . Winter landscape. Vyatka (Rotunda in the Alexander Garden), 1921. HM RB
Literature
- Vyatka. Monuments and memorable places. - Kirov, 2002.
- Encyclopedia of the land of Vyatka / A. G. Tinsky . - Kirov: GIPP "Vyatka", 1996. - V. 5 - Architecture. - 385 p. - 15,000 copies. - ISBN 5-86645-012-7 .