Kolyuskoobraznye ( Latin Gasterosteiformes ) - previously distinguished detachment of ray-finned fish .
| Group of animals | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Three-pointed stickleback ( Gasterosteus aculeatus ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Title | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Spiny | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Title Status | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deprecated Taxonomic | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gasterosteiformes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Parent taxon | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Squad Thistle (Acanthopterygii) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Geochronology appeared 33.9 million years
◄ Nowadays◄ Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Content
Feature
Body length from 3 cm (species of the genus Indostomus ) to 22 cm ( Spinachia spinachia ). Dorsal fins 1 or 2, the first has the appearance of individual spines not connected by a fin membrane. In the ventral fins 1–7 rays, in some they are absent. The scales are ctenoid, in many the body is covered with bone plates, rarely naked, but there are bone plates on the caudal stem. Closed Bubbles. Gill rays 1-5. The mouth is usually small. Planktophages. Take care of the offspring.
Distributed in fresh waters of Eurasia and North America , as well as in coastal waters of all oceans. Usually live among underwater vegetation.
Known from the Oligocene (33.9 million years ago) [1] .
Classification
The following families are distinguished in the squid-like squad:
- Suborder Acicular (Syngnathoidei)
- Superfamily Pegasoidea
- Pegasidae Family - 5 marine species
- Superfamily Needle-like (Syngnathoidea) - 6 marine species
- Family Saline Stomata , or Pipe-root (Solenostomidae)
- Family Needles , or Fish-needles (Syngnathidae) - 298 freshwater, brackish and marine species
- Superfamily Flutory-like (Aulostomoidea)
- Family of Fluttering (Aulostomidae) - 3 marine species
- Whistle family (Fistulariidae) - 4 marine species
- Superfamily Crooked Tail (Centriscoidea)
- Family Macroramphosidae , or Snipe (Macroramphosidae) - 8 marine species
- Family Cranostomata , or Knife-bellied (Centriscidae) - 4 marine species
- Superfamily Pegasoidea
- Suborder Ring-shaped (Gasterosteoidei)
- Family of Long- snouted Spikes (Aulorhynchidae) - 1 marine species
- Family Kolyushkovye (Gasterosteidae) - 18 freshwater, brackish and marine species
- Family of Short- Feathered Gerbils (Hypoptychidae) - 2 marine species
- Family Indostomidae (Indostomidae) - 3 freshwater species
The taxonomists did not agree on the composition of the order: some increase the rank of the Igloid suborder to an independent Syngnathiformes order, and some lower the rank of the macroramphose family to the Macroramphosinae subfamily in the family of Cragtail.
Notes
- ↑ Order Gasterosteiformes (ray-finned fish) on the Fossilworks website
Literature
- Animal Life: in 6 volumes. Volume 4. Pisces / Ed. prof. T. S. Race. - M .: Education, 1983.
- Biological Encyclopedic Dictionary / Ch. ed. M.S. Gilyarov; Editorial: A. A. Babaev, G. G. Vinberg, G. A. Zavarzin et al. - 2nd ed., Rev. - M .: Owls. Encyclopedia, 1986.