Zholkovskaya synagogue - a monument of architecture, history and culture in the city of Zholkva ( Lviv region , Ukraine ). It is one of the largest synagogues in Europe. Located on Zaporizhzhya street.
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Content
- 1 History
- 2 Architecture
- 3 Modernity
- 4 Gallery
- 5 Links
History
The first synagogue in this place was built of wood in 1625, and soon it burned down. In 1635, the second owner of Zholkva, Stanislav Danilovich, gave permission for the construction of a stone synagogue. The new synagogue began to be built only in 1692 with the assistance of King Jan III Sobieski , the third owner of Zholkva, possibly under the leadership of the royal architect Peter Beber . The construction was completed in 1698 .
In the XVIII century. the western part and buttresses were completed to the synagogue. After the fire of 1833, the partially damaged synagogue was restored.
In 1908, the interior was painted. In 1935 the building was repaired, and in 1936 - 1937 it was plastered.
During the German occupation in June 1941, the synagogue was blown up, as a result of which the ceilings and interior were destroyed. In 1955 - 1956 it was partially restored and until the beginning of the 1990s was used as a warehouse.
Architecture
The building is one of the largest renaissance defenses in Europe; Late Renaissance style complemented by Baroque elements. The city walls and the Jewish gates adjoined the synagogue, and the synagogue itself, thanks to thick walls with loopholes, could be used as a tower of city fortifications, artillery could be installed on its roof.
The synagogue was built of stone and brick. The volume of the main hall is square in plan. In the center, four round pillars hold cross vaults, dividing the space of the hall into 9 fields. The interior has preserved fragments of frieze, polychrome wall paintings and inscriptions that recreate the texts of the Torah . On the eastern wall is the preserved baroque frame of the altar niche. On the west side, a two-story gallery with three doorways adjoins the main volume.
Modernity
Zholkovskaya defense synagogue is known all over the world. It is listed on the New York Fund of World Monuments, "100 Monuments of the World that are in Threat", which is why restoration began in 2000 , but the building is still in unsightly condition. In the future, the Jewish center of Galicia should open here. The Zholkovskaya synagogue is also known for imitating it; in particular, there are “Zholkovsky type” synagogues in Tel Aviv .
Gallery
Links
- Zholkovskaya synagogue (inaccessible link)
- Zholkovskaya synagogue, video from a drone