Hara Dawan, Erengen

Born in the Maloderbetovsky ulus of the Astrakhan province . Erengen's father, a subject of Tundutov's noon, bore the name of Dawa; for swarthy skin he was nicknamed “Hara” (“black”). Thus the surname Hara-Davan appeared.

In 1892-1896, Erenzhen studied at the ulus school, then - at the Astrakhan gymnasium. In the summer of 1904, together with high school student Sanji Bayanov, he met in Sarept near Tsaritsyn with Gustav Ramstedt , professor of the University of Helsingfors , who recorded several Kalmyk national melodies with their help. After meeting with the Finnish scholar Erenzhen Kharan-Dava began to collect Kalmyk folklore. He subsequently handed over the collected material to the scientist-mongoloved Andrei Rudnev in 1906, when he arrived in St. Petersburg to enter the Medical Academy. In 1908, Erengen Hara-Davan became a free student at the Military Medical Academy in St. Petersburg . In the years of study, Erenzhen Kharan-Davwan was included in the cause of the national revival of the Kalmyks. One of his friends at the academy Badma Ulanov became one of the founders of the national organization Halmg tangchin tug, a section of the All-Russian Union of Teachers. Having received a doctor’s diploma at Kazan University , Hara-Davan returned in 1911 to Kalmykia, where he began to work as a doctor in the Maloderbet ulus ^[3] .

During the February Revolution, Erenzhen became involved in political activity, in the work of new governing bodies, advocating the idea of ​​Kalmyk autonomy. The interim government did not support the idea, and Hara-Davan became a supporter of Soviet power. The Council of Deputies of the Malo-Derbetovskiy ulus delegated it together with A. Chapchaev, O. Boskhomdzhiev to the congress of the “labor Kalmyk people of the Caspian region”. In the spring of 1918, Khara-Davan headed the Kalmyk section of the executive committee of the Astrakhan Provincial Council. In May 1918, a joint Russian-Kalmyk congress was held in Yashkul, chaired by Erengen Hara-Davan, where he opposed the expropriation of livestock from wealthy Kalmyks and the socialization of the land. He left the post of chairman of the Kalmyk section when the Executive Committee (as before and the Provisional Government) did not grant autonomy to Kalmykia. So he found himself in opposition to the Soviet regime and, together with the defeated white army, emigrated from Russia in mid-March 1920. In April 1920, with his wife Sarah arrived in Yugoslavia, where he stayed in the eastern part of Serbia. At first, he received benefits from the Yugoslav State Committee for the Device of Russian Refugees. November 15, 1920 received a certificate of higher medical education and began to practice medicine in the city of Bitola (Macedonia), where he spent some time, after which he moved to the village of Andrievits (Montenegro). In mid-1923 he worked in the village of Kushtil, near the city of Vrsac, Banat region. At the end of 1923 he was admitted to the Medical College of Serbia, Vojvodina and Srem. Until mid-March 1926, he lived in Khaiduchitsa, then moved to Montenegro.

In 1929 he moved to Belgrade . Here, on a land plot donated by the Serbian landowner Yachimovich, with his participation, the Kalmyk khurul was built, which became the first Buddhist temple in Central Europe . Erengen Kharan-Dava was the secretary of the spiritual and guardian council of the Hurul. Sacred images for him from Tibet , Mongolia and India were sent by N.K. Roerich ; Japanese Buddhists donated a bronze statue of Buddha. Erengen Hara-Davan took the post of secretary in the spiritual trusteeship council of the temple.

From July 12 to August 4, 1930 he worked as an auxiliary doctor at the Institute of Dr. Ilic-Rakovatsky. In the fall of 1930, he was accepted as a doctor at the Naval College of Junior Officers in Sibenik. It is assumed that, for admission to a public position, Erengen Hara-Davan changed his Russian citizenship to Yugoslav ^[4] . since 1933 he worked as a doctor in the village of Dzhenovichi near the Bay of Kotor.

In the middle of 1940 he settled in Belgrade. In those years, he, together with many other Kalmyks and Russian Cossack emigrants, planned to move to the steppes of Mexico and Texas. These plans were not destined to come true. Erenzhen Hara-Davan died in Belgrade in 1942 and was buried in the New Cemetery (plot 121, place 388).

In Europe, Erejden Hara-Davan adjoins the Eurasian movement; He began to study the influence of the Mongol conquest on Russian history. In 1929, in Belgrade, the main work of the life of Erengen Hara-Davan, Genghis Khan as a commander and his legacy, was published, which was published at the author’s own expense and dedicated to the 700th anniversary of the death of the great conqueror.

In Europe, Hara-Davan participates in the work of the Kalmyk Commission of Cultural Workers in Prague, in the publication of the Kalmyk magazines Honkho, Ulan Zalata, Oirat, and Feathered Waves.

On January 8, 1928, Erengen Hara-Davan delivered a lecture at the University of Belgrade on the theme “Genghis Khan and the Mongol Invasion of Europe”. On the basis of the expanded material of this lecture, in 1929 in Belgrade he published the essay “Genghis Khan as a commander and his legacy. Cultural and historical essay of the Mongol Empire of the XII-XIV centuries. "

Publications

• “The Study of Methods and Ways for the Cultural Revival of the Kalmyk People”, Oirat, Belgrade, 1925, pp. 19–22;
• “On the question of national unification”, Oirat, Belgrade, 1925, p. 5-6;
• “Eurasianism from the point of view of the Mongol”, Eurasian Chronicle, Paris, 1926, no. ten;
• “Genghis Khan or Russia?”, Free Cossacks, Paris, 1930, p. 18;
• “On the polemic of General Bogaevsky and Sh. Balinov”, Feathered Steppes, Paris, 1930, No. 1, pp. 49-50;
• “Kalmyks and Yugoslavia”, Information KKKR, 1930, No. 1, p. 60;
• “On Our National Tasks,” Feathered Steppes, 1930, No. 1, pp. 20-23;
• "Ways of development of the national problem", Ulan Zalat, 1930, No. 3, pp. 33-35;
• “Religion in the Life of the West and the East”, Free Cossacks, 1930, No. 61-62, pp. 14-16, No. 63-64, pp. 9-10;
• “Dead ends and outcomes of the Russian revolution", Free Cossacks, 1930, No. 56, pp. 11-13, No. 57, pp. 7-9, No. 58, pp. 9-10;
• “On Nomadic Life,” Thirties, Affirmation of the Eurasians, Paris, 1931, pr. 7, pp. 63-66;
• Kalmyk Pioneer Students, Featherwaves, 1932, No. 5, pp. 26-31;
• “The National Question in the Resolutions of Russian Political Parties”, Feathered Waves, 1933, No. 6, pp. 4-10;
• “Dawn of the East”, Feathered Waves, 1933, No. 7, pp. 12-24;
• “Appeal to the Youth”, Feeling Waves, 1934, No. 9, pp. 91-92;
• “The Mongolian National Movement and National Problems in Asia,” Feathered Waves, 1934, No. 4, p. 2-6;
• "The Foundation and Purpose of a National State, Feathered Waves, 1934, No. 9, pp. 8-12;
• “Draft of a New National Spelling,” Feathered Waves, 1934, No. 8, pp. 29-31;
• “An explanatory note to the new Kalmyk alphabet” / Borisenko I.V., Goryaev A.T., Essays on the history of Kalmyk emigration, Elista, 1998, pp. 213-214;
• The National Question, Free Cossacks, No. 128;

• Hara-Davan E. Mongolian Rus: Genghis Khan and the Mongolosphere. - M .: "Agraf", 2002. - S. 320. - ISBN 5-7784-0195-7 .
• Alekseeva P. E. E. Hara-Davan and his legacy: a collection of articles and materials. - Elista: Gerel Publishing House, 2012 .-- S. 350. - ISBN 978-5-7539-0728-8 .
• Vakhitov R.R. Erenjen-Hara Davan: Asian Eurasian THE ERGO JOURNAL Russian Philosophy and Culture

• Erengen Hara-Davan. Genghis Khan as a commander and his legacy on the website of Runivers (DjVu) (GIF)
• Erengen Hara-Dawan. Genghis Khan as a commander and his legacy .