Nadezhda Nikolayevna Sytinskaya ( February 22 [ March 7 ] 1906 , Tallinn - July 4, 1974 , buried in the Krasnenky cemetery of St. Petersburg) - Soviet astronomer .
| Nadezhda Nikolaevna Sytinskaya | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Date of Birth | February 22 ( March 7 ) 1906 |
| Place of Birth | Tallinn , Estonia |
| Date of death | July 4, 1974 (68 years old) |
| Place of death | |
| A country | the USSR |
| Scientific field | planets , meteors |
| Place of work | Tashkent Astronomical Observatory , Leningrad University |
| Alma mater | Leningrad University |
Content
Biography
Graduated from Leningrad University . Then she worked as a researcher at the Tashkent Observatory . From 1930 to the end of his life, he was a researcher at the Observatory of Leningrad University (from 1951 - professor ). Wife of the astronomer V.V. Sharonov .
Scientific activity
The main scientific works are devoted to the study of planets and meteors . In 1933 and 1946, she received estimates of the density of the meteor shower Draconid and determined its structure. In 1930 - 1940, she developed a technique for photographic photometry of meteors based on two-point observations using an obturator , and created a method for estimating the masses of meteor bodies by their brightness . Developed and improved a number of methods of photographic photometry , applying them to the study of various celestial bodies, mainly the moon and Mars . She received estimates of the optical parameters of the Martian atmosphere and atmospheric pressure on the planet's surface (20 mbar ), subsequently confirmed by observations from automatic interplanetary stations. In 1946, she introduced the concept of “smoothness factor”, which determines the degree of surface roughness of the planet, investigated the visual reflectivity of various lunar objects, comparing them with terrestrial rocks and meteorites . Having studied the effect of meteorite impacts and explosions on the structure of the lunar surface , she formulated (together with V.V. Sharonov ) the “meteor-slag” [1] theory of the structure of the outer cover of the moon, explaining the formation of regolith by crushing, partial melting and sintering of lunar rocks. Subsequently, this theory was confirmed when landing on the lunar surface of the Soviet automatic station " Luna-9 " and other devices.
She starred in the popular science film " Moon " directed by P. Klushantsev .
Memory
In honor of N. N. Sytinskaya named the crater Sytinskaya / Sytinskaya on the planet Mars [2]
Notes
Scientific and popular science
- Sytinskaya HH Absolute photometry of extended celestial objects, L., publishing house of Leningrad State University, 1948.
- Sytinskaya N. N. Is there life on celestial bodies? USSR Academy of Sciences, 1950.
- Sytinskaya N. N. Is there life on other planets? Goskultprosvetizdat, 1952.
- Sytinskaya N.N. Moon and its observation. M.: Tech. Theor. lit., 1956.
- Sytinskaya HH Nature of the Moon. M .: Fizmatgiz, 1959.
Literature
- Kolchinsky I.G., Korsun A.A., Rodriguez M.G. Astronomers: A Biographical Reference. - 2nd ed., Revised. and additional .. - Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1986. - 512 p.