Samara-Tolyatti agglomeration

CTA includes 9 out of 10 urban districts and 9 out of 27 municipal districts of the region. Samara-Tolyatti agglomeration occupies more than 40% of the region, 80% of the population live here, 90% of industrial and more than half of agricultural products are created ^[3] .

The first core, having experienced depopulation in the post-Soviet period and shrinking by 120 thousand people, stabilized this indicator for 2006–2010, the second core shows population growth for the entire period 1986–2010, showing a 110 thousand increase.

The composition of the agglomeration:

They include:

• 9 cities
• 21 urban-type settlements and large villages: Volzhsky , Mirny , Osinki , Chernorechye , Novosmeyekino , Petra Dubrava , Smyshlyaevka , Bogatyr , Stroykeramika , Rozhdestveno , Vasilyevka , Zolny , Kurumoch , Krasny Yar , Voskresenka , Krasnoarmeyskoye , Coastal , etc .;
• 510 rural settlements;

Typical criteria for unification are applicable to agglomeration - the presence of labor migration, economic interdependence, a single infrastructure and information field.

Transport communication between the main agglomeration centers of the cities of Samara and Tolyatti is carried out by land - a four-lane high-speed highway, and the railway. Travel time from city centers by road is 40–70 minutes, by rail - about one hour. The possibility of water communication is realized both between the main centers of agglomeration, and with its periphery along the main water arteries - the Volga, Samara, Sok, Chapaevka rivers, etc. Also, air communication is used inside the agglomeration by using helicopter transport. In the future, within the agglomeration, the construction of high-speed modes of transport is provided.

All agglomeration criteria are met by the same set of settlements, with the exception of Syzran and the okrug, due to its remoteness from one of the agglomeration centers - Samara. In this form, the agglomeration has a population of about 2.3 million people, and retains third place in Russia for this parameter.

Some sources claim that it is the only one in the country that is dual-core ^[6] , however, along with it there are the Vologda-Cherepovets ^[7] , Tula-Novomoskovskaya , Kiselev-Prokopyevskaya , Sterlitamak-Salavat and other dual-core agglomerations. Samara-Togliatti is the largest of them.

Perspectives on Link Development

The goal of inter-city logistics is to consolidate the efforts of all participants in economic activity to ensure its social and economic well-being, which will allow to obtain completely new, exceptional opportunities for the development and management of agglomeration life processes ^[8] .

Promising opportunities for the development of the transport and logistics system can provide the following factors:

• advantageous geographical location on the way of the international transport corridors North-South and Transsib;
• creation of transport and consolidation centers;
• competent use of a favorable location on the route of passenger traffic between East and West;
• the presence of a large railway complex;
• the proximity of the international airport "Kurumoch" ;

Neutral impact on the competitiveness of STA in the Volga region has a climatic factor in the content of the roadway in winter.

There are also problems, and the resulting danger of a gradual loss of potential in the case of systematically erroneous guiding actions by the authorities ^[9] in the following areas in the development of STA. In particular, it is required:

• stimulating the development of modern container processing infrastructure;
• the development of the inner-city road transport network - the expansion of highways, the construction of new roads, and the implementation of many planned facilities;
  • construction of the Central highway with an automobile bridge over the Samara River with access to the Samara District;
  • creation of a developed main street-road network, taking into account the spatial development strategy of cities - the construction of connecting internuclear settlements;
  • construction of an automobile bridge over the Volga River in the Syzran-Oktyabrsk region;
• development of public passenger transport;
• development of logistics technologies in servicing freight and passenger flows and the formation of the status of the Samara urban district as the transport capital of the Volga region;
  • the formation in the urban district of Samara of a logistics information and analytical center for servicing freight and passenger transportation and the interaction of various modes of transport (within the framework of the project to create the Samara Transport and Consolidating Center - STCC);
• a change in the principle of the formation of the transport system towards the development of a network of main streets and express roads, including two-level interchanges;
• expanding the capabilities of permanent and temporary storage of cars;
• organization of convenient and safe movement of the population in the city;
• overall rationalization of transport and economic ties between cities;
  • removal of a number of storage facilities in the border city zone;
  • reduction in the amount of freight transport within the city;
• reducing the level of transport discrimination of the population, that is, living outside the regulatory accessibility zone, reducing the lost free time fund;

In CTA, the following components can be conditionally distinguished:

• Two sinter cores
• First belt of satellite settlements
• Second belt of satellite settlements

By geographic location, the agglomeration units form two forms — linear (along the Volga River) predominates, but centric — formed around the CTA nuclei — also stand out.

Background

Throughout the entire historical period, lands were attractive for settlement due to their convenient geographical location, topography and climate for the formation of the intersection of trade routes - water from Persia and land from China. In support of this, there are documented references dated 921 on the existence of the Samur (Samar) settlement on the territory of today's Samara, as well as maps of Italian travelers ^[10] with numerous settlements in the area.
Modern settlements began to be founded with the expansion of the Russian state into the Volga steppes in the XVI century, to reduce the risks of damage from nomad attacks. By the 19th century, the importance of land had completely changed from defensive to agricultural, as a result of which a new active migration wave from the center of Russia once again significantly increased the number of people. From that moment, there has been a change in the quality of population growth - from migration to natural.

Formation

In the 1930s, as a result of the mass migration exodus of the rural population (associated with a change in the priorities of economic development towards industrialization) to the cities of Samara and Syzran , their population increased sharply (in Samara - almost 10 times). The next jump in the population in Samara occurred in 1941, when, with the start of World War II , industrial enterprises from Moscow , Voronezh , Smolensk were evacuated here (together with workers and their families).

Migration center of Russian scale - Stavropol (now Togliatti ) actively showed itself in the 1960-1970s, during the construction and development of Auto VAZ , showing a population growth of ten times.

Present

Perspectives: Cluster Strategy

In the post-Soviet period, on the territory of STA, enterprises of the main industries operate mainly without the effect of synergy. The perspective of economic development is indicated, which consists in strengthening mutually beneficial ties between companies - the creation of clusters that contribute to the growth of competitiveness of economic entities due to the increased potential to create an innovative product ^[11] and suitable for use due to convenient scientific, spatial, technological characteristics of the territory ^[12] . The basic industries suitable for clustering, and in the future could become specific and leading for STA:

• Automotive
• Aerospace
• Oil refining
• Transport
• Metallurgy
• Chemical industry

The distance between the boundaries of the urban districts of the agglomeration centers is 12 km (in the vicinity of Pribrezhny settlement and Fedorovka settlement).

The town-planning documentation of the agglomeration cores between themselves and adjacent areas according to a single regional development scheme is synchronized, that is, it has been worked out taking into account the strengthening of internal ties ^[13] .

The administrative design of agglomerations as a single administrative unit and a single entity of intergovernmental relations is difficult due to the absence and obsolescence of the federal legislative base on this issue. ^{[ specify ]}

• “Samara-Togliatti agglomeration: current state and ways of sustainable development” ( Titov K. A. , Lyubovny V. Ya., Khasaev G. R., etc.). M .: Nauka, 1996.
• Development Strategy of the Samara-Tolyatti Agglomeration ([Vladimir Obukhov, Alexey Sviridov, Alexander Sergienko]. Samara, June 2013. http://smart-city63.ru/?page_id=304 )

• About the prospects of administrative clearance
• About the prospects of administrative clearance