Yuri Alekseevich Trutnev (born November 2, 1927 , Moscow ) - Soviet and Russian physicist, doctor of technical sciences , professor. Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences ( 1991 ; corresponding member 1964 ).
| Yuri Alekseevich Trutnev | |||||||||||||||||
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| Date of Birth | November 2, 1927 (91 years old) | ||||||||||||||||
| Place of Birth | Moscow , RSFSR , USSR | ||||||||||||||||
| A country | |||||||||||||||||
| Scientific field | nuclear physics | ||||||||||||||||
| Place of work | RFNC-VNIIEF , MEPhI | ||||||||||||||||
| Alma mater | Leningrad State University | ||||||||||||||||
| Academic degree | Doctor of Technical Sciences ( 1963 ) | ||||||||||||||||
| Academic rank | professor Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences ( 1991 ) | ||||||||||||||||
| Famous students | V. S. Lebedev | ||||||||||||||||
| Awards and prizes |
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Hero of Socialist Labor (1962). Laureate of the Lenin Prize (1959) and the State Prize of the USSR (1984). Full holder of the Order of Merit to the Fatherland .
Content
Biography
Yuri Alekseevich Trutnev was born on November 2, 1927 in Moscow. The son of Aleksei Grigorievich Trutnev (03.30.1898-11.09.1974) - a Soviet scientist in the field of soil science and agricultural chemistry, a corresponding member of the Agricultural Academy. As a child, he read a lot of popular science literature [1] .
After graduating from the Physics Department of Leningrad State University in 1951, he was sent to work at the All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Experimental Physics ( VNIIEF ) and began work in Arzamas-16 at Design Bureau No. 11 ( KB-11 ).
Yu. A. Trutnev was one of the main participants in the creation of the RDS-37 thermonuclear charge. For participation in this project he was awarded the Order of Lenin in 1956. The principle of radiation implosion, laid down in the development of the charge, formed the basis of the new principle of creating thermonuclear weapons [1] , and the charge itself became the prototype of many Soviet nuclear charges developed in the future.
The development and improvement of the principles underlying the creation of RDS-37 resulted in the creation of Project 49 , the successful test of which took place in 1958 . For work on this project, Yu. A. Trutnev was awarded the Lenin Prize in 1959.
By 1962, together with Yuri Babaev, he prepared a report "On the need to launch work on the study of the possibilities of using atomic and thermonuclear explosions for technical and scientific purposes . " This document was prepared for the Minister of Medium Engineering, E. P. Slavsky , was highly appreciated by experts and on its basis was built a program of "peaceful atomic explosions." The first implementation of the program was the Chagan project in January 1965 .
From June 26, 1964, Yu. A. Trutnev was a corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences , and from December 7, 1991, an academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences . Professor, Department of Theoretical Physics (No. 32), Moscow Engineering Physics Institute .
He criticizes the transfer of the FANO to academic institutions during the 2013 reform of the RAS [1] .
Scientific activity
He is one of the largest Russian scientists in the field of high energy density physics; one of the leading specialists in the creation of nuclear and thermonuclear charges. Since 1999, he has been First Deputy Scientific Director of the Russian Federal Nuclear Center.
“He is one of the most striking, outstanding creators of the domestic nuclear and thermonuclear weapons, one of the founders of the first thermonuclear charge RDS-37 based on the new principle. This charge served as a prototype for almost all thermonuclear charges developed in the USSR.
He made an outstanding contribution to the idea of improving radiation implosion, the so-called “project 49”, its practical implementation. This development was the basis for improving the thermonuclear arsenal of our country.
The works of Yu. A. Trutnev played a decisive role in the formation of the basic ideas of this field of knowledge, the development of a theoretical and theoretical base and the development of specific types of weapons. "
- Academician Trutnev Yuri Alekseevich is 85 years old! Article on the official website of the RAS, 11/02/2012.
Together with I.V. Shamanin, he proposed an unacceptable refinement of the General Theory of Relativity [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] .
Awards and honors
Russian Awards
- Order "For Merit to the Fatherland" I degree (2017) [11]
- Order “For Merit to the Fatherland”, II degree (2003) [12]
- Order "For Merit to the Fatherland" III degree (1998) [13]
- Order “For Merit to the Fatherland”, IV degree (2012) [14]
- Medal “In memory of the 850th anniversary of Moscow” (1997) [15]
- Medal "For the Strengthening of the Military Commonwealth" (2017) [16]
USSR Awards
- Hero of Socialist Labor (1962) with the presentation of the Order of Lenin and the Gold Medal "Hammer and Sickle" [15]
- two orders of Lenin (1956 [15] , 1962)
- Order of the October Revolution (1971) [15]
- two orders of the Red Banner of Labor (1975, 1987) [15]
- Medal “For Valiant Labor. In commemoration of the 100th anniversary of the birth of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin ” (1970) [15]
Prizes and other state distinctions
- Lenin Prize (1959) [15]
- USSR State Prize (1984) [15]
- Prize of the Government of the Russian Federation in the field of science and technology (2016) [17]
- Certificate of Honor of the Government of the Russian Federation (2006) [17]
- Gratitude of the Government of the Russian Federation (2012) [17]
Departmental and public awards, honorary titles
- Honorary Citizen of the Nizhny Novgorod Region (1997) [15]
- Medal of FSUE TsKB MT Rubin For the rise of the Kursk agro-industrial complex (2002) [17]
- Gold medal named after I.V. Kurchatov - for a set of closed works of the most important military-strategic and national economic importance, which provided the country with a modern reliable nuclear shield (2003) [17]
- Breastplate of the Federal Atomic Energy Agency "Academician I. V. Kurchatov" I degree (2007) [17]
- Breastplate "E. P. Slavsky »State Atomic Energy Corporation Rosatom (2010) [17]
- Honorary Citizen of Sarov (2011) [17]
- Insignia "For outstanding achievements in science and technology of the RFNC-VNIIEF" (2011) [17]
- Medal of the Security Council of the Russian Federation “For Merits in Ensuring National Security” (2012) [17]
- Badge of Merit for the Nuclear Industry, I Degree (2017) [16]
- Order of the Nizhny Novgorod Region “For Civil Valor and Honor”, III degree (2017) [16]
- Order "For the Glory of the Russian Fleet" 1st degree (2.11.2017)
- Certificate of honor of the Nizhny Novgorod region - for his great contribution to the development of domestic science and technology, strengthening the country's defense capabilities and in connection with the 90th anniversary of his birth (2017) [18]
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 Chumakov V. Megatons of Russian science // In the world of science . - 2017. - No. 11 . - S. 84-93 .
- ↑ http://www.pphmj.com/abstract/11286.htm
- ↑ The results of research by scientists from TPU and RAS introduced a serious refinement into Einstein's General Theory of Relativity // TPU News, 01/24/2018
- ↑ Tomsk scientists clarified the theory of relativity // Tass.ru , 01.24.2018
- ↑ Count N. Tomsk scientists clarified Einstein's theory of relativity // Russian newspaper , 01.24.2018
- ↑ Scientists of TPU and RAS clarified Einstein's theory of relativity // RIA Tomsk, 01.24.2018
- ↑ Berdnikova D. Scientists of TPU and RAS made a refinement to Einstein's theory of relativity // vtomske.ru, 01/25/2018
- ↑ Bykova M. Russian scientists supplemented Einstein's theory of relativity // Moskovsky Komsomolets , 01/26/2018
- ↑ TPU and RAS scientists mathematically proved the “mass defect axiom”, refining Einstein's theory of relativity // Stfw.Ru, 01/25/2018
- ↑ http://tomsk.sibnovosti.ru/science/361200-tomskie-uchenye-utochnili-teoriyu-otnositelnosti-eynshteyna
- ↑ Academician Trutnev became the full holder of the Order of Merit for the Fatherland
- ↑ Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of June 11, 2003 No. 667 (inaccessible link)
- ↑ Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of January 26, 1998 No. 82 (inaccessible link)
- ↑ Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of November 6, 2012 No. 1496 (unavailable link) . Date of treatment November 7, 2012. Archived March 4, 2016.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Yuri Alekseevich Trutnev (on the occasion of his 80th birthday) (Russian) // Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk . - 2007. - T. 177 , No. 11 . - S. 1253-1244 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 Celebrations dedicated to the 90th anniversary of Academician Yuri Trutnev (Russian) were held at the RFNC-VNIIEF // Russian Atomic Society. - 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Outstanding scientist of the RFNC-VNIIEF Yuri Trutnev celebrates the 90th anniversary (Russian) // Russian Atomic Society. - 2017.
- ↑ Resolution of the Legislative Assembly of the Nizhny Novgorod Region dated February 21, 2017 No. 155-VI “On the Awarding of the Certificate of Honor of the Nizhny Novgorod Region”
Links
- Trutnev, Yuri Alekseevich . Site " Heroes of the country ".
- Hramov Yu. A. Trutnev Yuri Alekseevich // Physicists: Biographical Reference / Ed. A.I. Akhiezer . - Ed. 2nd, rev. and add. - M .: Nauka , 1983 .-- S. 266. - 400 p. - 200,000 copies. (per.)
- Profile of Yuri Alekseevich Trutnev on the official website of the RAS
- Russian thermonuclear weapons: some stages of a long journey. (inaccessible link)
- Academician Yu. Trutnev: The Endless Front of Works.