The monastery of Santa Maria de Alcobaça ( port. Mosteiro de Santa Maria de Alcobaça ) is a Cistercian monastery in the Portuguese city of Alcobaça , founded by the first Portuguese king Afonso Henriques in 1153 and served as a royal tomb for two centuries. The monastery complex flourished at the end of the XIV-XVI century, when the monastery, being a large feudal owner (13 cities and 2 castles were subordinate to it [2] ), became the center of handicrafts — metalwork, weaving, murals. Abbey Cathedral - the first Portuguese building in the Gothic style . The monastery was expanded under Manuel I and renewed in the baroque style in the 18th century. During the Napoleonic Wars monastic treasures were plundered by the French. In 1834 the monastery was secularized , the monastic life in it ceased. Since 1989, the ensemble of monastic buildings included in the list of world heritage sites .
| Monastery | |
| Monastery of Alcobaça | |
|---|---|
 Baroque facade of a medieval monastery in Alcobaca | |
| A country |  Portugal |
| Location | |
| Architectural style | |
| Founding date | |
 World Heritage Site | |
| Alcobaça Monastery (Monastery of Alcobaça) | |
| Link | No. 505 in the World Heritage List ( en ) |
| Criteria | i, iv |
| Region | Europe and North America |
| Turning on | 1989 ( 13th session ) |
The central building of the monastery is the cathedral - a three-nave basilica, built in 1153-1222 ; On both sides of the transept are the tombstones of the Portuguese kings ( Pedro I , Inés de Castro , first half of the fourteenth century ). In the years 1725-1726 the facade of the cathedral was decorated in the Baroque style . Among other ancient structures of the architectural complex are the late 13th century refectorium , King Dinis I cloister (Closeness of Silence) with a two-tier gallery (built in 1308-1311 according to the design of architect Domingu Domingish, the second tier in Manueline style was built in 1515-1521), hall Chapter [2] . In the 17th — 18th centuries, the architectural ensemble was complemented by the Royal Pantheon, a capella of relics and other structures.
See also
- Monastery in Batalha
- Monastery in Tomar
- Hieronymus Monastery
- Monastery of São João de Taroca
Notes
- ↑ archINFORM - 1994.
- ↑ 1 2 Pappen V.N., Chernykh A.P. Alkobasa // The Great Russian Encyclopedia / S. L. Kravets. - M: Great Russian Encyclopedia, 2005. - T. 1. - p. 499. - 768 p. - 65 000 copies - ISBN 5-85270-329-X .