Grouse partridges

	Grouse partridges
	; California Crested Quail ; ( Calipeplla californica )
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryotes
Kingdom:	Animals
Kingdom :	Eumetazoi
No rank :	Bilateral symmetrical
No rank :	Secondary
Type of:	Chordate
Subtype :	Vertebrates
Infratype :	Maxillary
Overclass :	Tetrapods
Grade:	Birds
Subclass :	Real birds
Infraclass :	Newborn
Squad:	Chicken
Family:	Grouse partridges
International scientific name
	Odontophoridae ( Gould , 1844)
Childbirth
	Includes 9 births

Grouse partridges ( Odontophoridae ( Gould , 1844) ), or tree chickens ^[1] , are a family of birds from the order Galliformes that are found in America ; in the New World replace partridges of the Old World ^[1] .

Grouse partridges owe their name to a beak strong and teeming. Representatives of the family are medium-sized or small motley colored birds, quite reminiscent of partridges in their body shape, and occupying a middle place between them and grouse in their lifestyle ^[1] .

Appearance

In wood chickens, the nostrils are covered with bare scales, and the metatarsus is covered with shields. Unlike the partridge, the mandible of the tree chickens is provided with two teeth on each side ^[2] ^[1] . In terms of size, the tooth-billed partridges are superior to partridges in the Old World , and their plumage is painted in brighter colors.

Distribution

Grouse partridges are common exclusively in the New World. Their range extends from Canada to northeast Argentina . Of the 31 species of the family, only six are common on the North American continent.

Reproduction

They lead a monogamous lifestyle, and build their nests in dense thickets. In one clutch there are, as a rule, from twelve to fifteen eggs .

Classification

Scaly Quail ( Callipepla squamata )

Virgin partridge ( Colinus virginianus )

Previously, dentate grouse were allocated to the subfamily ( lat. Odontophorinae ), which included about 50 species ^[1] . According to modern classification, the family includes nine genera and 31 species:

Genus Scaly Quail ( Callipepla ) ^[3]
- Douglas Crested Quail ( Callipepla douglasii )
- Helmeted crested quail ( Callipepla gambelii )
- California Crested Quail ( Callipepla californica )
- Scaly Quail ( Callipepla squamata )
Genus Partridge ( Colinus )
- Virgin partridge ( Colinus virginianus )
- Black-necked Partridge ( Colinus nigrogularis )
- White-breasted American Partridge ( Colinus leucopogon )
- Crested American Partridge ( Colinus cristatus )
Genus Weeping Quail ( Cyrtonyx )
- Crying Montezuma Quail ( Cyrtonyx montezumae )
- Crying Quail ( Cyrtonyx ocellatus )
Genus Long-Toed Quail ( Dactylortyx )
- Long-Toed Quail ( Dactylortyx thoracicus )
Grouse partridge ( Dendrortyx )
- Bearded Grouse ( Dendrortyx barbatus )
- Guatemalan partridge ( Dendrortyx leucophrys )
- Long-tailed Partridge ( Dendrortyx macroura )
Genus Forest quail ( Odontophorus )
- White-winged Forest Quail ( Odontophorus capueira )
- Chestnut Forest Quail ( Odontophorus hyperythrus )
- Collared Forest Quail ( Odontophorus strophium )
- Marble Forest Quail ( Odontophorus gujanensis )
- Red-breasted Forest Quail ( Odontophorus speciosus )
- Red-faced Forest Quail ( Odontophorus erythrops )
- Black-eared Forest Quail ( Odontophorus melanotis )
- Blackback forest quail ( Odontophorus melanonotus )
- Black- Faced Forest Quail ( Odontophorus atrifrons )
- Variegated Forest Quail ( Odontophorus balliviani )
- Star forest quail ( Odontophorus stellatus )
- Black- Cape Forest Quail ( Odontophorus dialeucos )
- Crested Forest Quail ( Odontophorus guttatus )
- Venezuelan Forest Quail ( Odontophorus columbianus )
- White- chinned Forest Quail ( Odontophorus leucolaemus )
Rod Mountain Quail ( Oreortyx )
- California Mountain Quail ( Oreortyx pictus )
Genus Striped Quail ( Philortyx )
- Striped Quail ( Philortyx fasciatus )
Genus Leggy Quail ( Rhynchortyx )
- Long-legged Quail ( Rhynchortyx cinctus )

Genetics

Molecular genetics

Deposited nucleotide sequences in the database EntrezNucleotide , GenBank , NCBI , USA : 5040 (as of July 29, 2015).
Deposited protein sequences in the database EntrezProtein , GenBank, NCBI, USA: 597 (as of July 29, 2015).

The genetically most studied representatives of the family are the American partridge ( Colinus virginianus ), as well as the crested crested quail ( Callipepla gambelii ), which, in comparison with other species of the family, account for the majority of the deposited sequences, respectively, nucleotide and protein.

Genomics

In 2014, genomic sequencing of the American partridge was conducted ^[4] .

Notes

↑ ¹ ² ³ ⁴ ⁵ Wagner, Yu. N. Fazanovye // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
↑ Knipovich N. M. Wood chickens // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
↑ Russian names according to the book of Boehme R. L. , Flint V. E. The pagan dictionary of animal names. Birds. Latin, Russian, English, German, French / Ed. ed. Acad. V. E. Sokolova . - M .: Rus. lang., RUSSO, 1994. - S. 57-63. - 2030 copies. - ISBN 5-200-00643-0 .
↑ Search results for Colinus virginianus . European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) . EMBL - EBI (March 20, 2014). Date of treatment July 29, 2015. Archived July 29, 2015.

[ESBE-1] ¹ ² ³ ⁴ ⁵ Wagner, Yu. N. Fazanovye // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.

[2] Knipovich N. M. Wood chickens // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.

[3] Russian names according to the book of Boehme R. L. , Flint V. E. The pagan dictionary of animal names. Birds. Latin, Russian, English, German, French / Ed. ed. Acad. V. E. Sokolova . - M .: Rus. lang., RUSSO, 1994. - S. 57-63. - 2030 copies. - ISBN 5-200-00643-0 .

[4] Search results for Colinus virginianus . European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) . EMBL - EBI (March 20, 2014). Date of treatment July 29, 2015. Archived July 29, 2015.