The emblem of the city of Moscow is one of the official symbols of the subject of the Russian Federation of the city of Moscow , along with the flag , anthem and banner .
| Coat of arms of Moscow | |
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| Details | |
| Approved by | November 23, 1993 |
| Shield | French |
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| Early versions |   |
In accordance with the Law of the City of Moscow dated June 11, 2003 No. 39 “On the Coat of Arms of the City of Moscow,” the coat of arms is a quadrangular, with rounded lower corners and pointed at the tip of a dark red heraldic shield with the image of a rider to the right of the viewer - Saint George the Victorious in silver armor and a blue mantle (cloak), on a silver horse with a silver harness, striking a black snake with a gold spear [1] .
Content
History
As the coat of arms of the Prince of Moscow, the horseman-horseman established himself during the reign of Ivan III .
In the 1710s, the first rider on the Moscow coat of arms called St. George Peter I.
The first official emblem of the city of Moscow was approved on December 20, 1781 , its description read:
“St. George is on a horse against the same as in the middle of the state coat of arms; in a red field, striking a copy of the black serpent " [2]
In 1883, the coat of arms was mirrored in accordance with the rules of Western European heraldry [3] .
September 22, 1924 a new coat of arms of the city with Soviet symbols was compiled by architect D. Osipov (the author of the monument of the Soviet Constitution depicted in the center of the emblem on Tverskaya Square in Moscow) and approved by the Presidium of the Moscow City Council . Coat of arms description:
a) In the central part, a five-pointed star is inscribed in the oval shield. This is the victorious symbol of the Red Army.
b) The obelisk against the background of the star, which is the first revolutionary monument of the RSFSR in memory of the October Revolution (placed in front of the Moscow City Council). This is a symbol of the hardness of Soviet power.
c) Sickle and Hammer - the emblem of the workers 'and peasants' government.
d) The gear wheel and associated rye ears, depicted on the oval of the shield, are the symbol of the link between the city and the village, where the wheel with the inscription "RSFSR" defines industry, and rye ears - agriculture.
e) The emblems characterizing the most developed industry in the Moscow province are depicted on both sides at the bottom: the anvil on the left is the emblem of the metalworking industry, and the shuttle on the right is the textile industry.
f) Below, under the inscription "Moscow Council of Workers, Peasants and Red Army Deputies", depicted on the tape, is located " dynamo " - the emblem of electrification. [3]
Coat of arms of Moscow 1730
Coat of arms of Moscow 1781
Coat of arms of Moscow 1883 [4]
Coat of arms of Moscow 1924-1993
Coat of arms of Moscow 1993
Coat of arms of Moscow 2010
In 1993, by order of Moscow Mayor Yu. M. Luzhkov [5], the city emblem was returned with a historical emblem similar to that of 1781. The Regulation on the Coat of Arms of the City of Moscow, approved by order, contained the following description of the coat of arms:
“On a dark red shield (the ratio of width to height is 8: 9), turned to the right, George the Victorious in silver armor and an azure draper (mantle), on a silver horse, strikes with a golden spear a black serpent.”
The coat of arms design was developed by K. K. Ivanov [6] . The emblem was confirmed by the Law of Moscow “On the emblem and flag of the city of Moscow” dated 02.02.1995 No. 4-12 [7] . The Law of Moscow dated 11.06.2003 No. 39 “On the Coat of Arms of Moscow” [8] , currently in force, was amended by the Law of Moscow dated 02.06.2010 No. 26 “On Amending Certain Laws of the City of Moscow in Connection with the Adoption of the Law of the City Moscow dated April 15, 2009 No. 6 “On the Commissioner for Human Rights in the City of Moscow” and the Law of Moscow dated October 26, 2011 No. 47 “On Amending Certain Laws of the City of Moscow in Connection with the Adoption of the Federal Law of February 7, 2011 N 3-ФЗ “On the Police” ”.
The Day of the Coat of Arms and Flag of Moscow is established by the law of September 22, 2004 “On the Holidays of the City of Moscow”. The day of the coat of arms and flag of Moscow is annually celebrated on May 6 .
Criticism
The heraldic image and description of the horseman - St. George the Victorious - do not meet the standards of Orthodox iconography , in which saints are usually portrayed with a halo [9] [10] .
On the other hand, being turned in the right direction for the viewer, the image of the rider on the modern official coat of arms of Moscow contradicts the rule of West European heraldry, according to which living creatures on the coat of arms should be turned only to the left (right heraldic) side for the viewer. This rule was established so that the figure depicted on the knight’s shield, which was traditionally held near the left side, does not seem to be running away from the enemy. [3] The modern coat of arms of the Moscow Region complies with this rule.
Interesting Facts
The snake horseman as a symbol of the Moscow principality has been at the center of the coat of arms of Russia at least since the 16th century. The image of the rider is also present in the central part of the modern coat of arms of the Russian Federation , however, according to the official description of the coat of arms, this element is not a picture of St. George and is not a coat of arms of the city of Moscow [11] .
The coat of arms of the Moscow Region is a version of the coat of arms with a similar plot and is also based on the historical coat of arms of Moscow and the Principality of Moscow.
See also
- Coat of arms of the Moscow region
- Moscow flag
- Anthem of Moscow
- Moscow Banner
- Coat of arms of Georgia (depicts the same plot)
- Coats of arms of Moscow districts
Notes
- ↑ Law of the City of Moscow dated June 11, 2003 No. 39 “On the Coat of Arms of the City of Moscow” (Unavailable link) . Date of treatment November 15, 2012. Archived on February 4, 2015.
- ↑ Soboleva N.A. Ancient coats of arms of Russian cities. - M .: Nauka, 1985 .-- S. 148. - 176 p.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Coats of arms of the cities of the Russian Federation: From the history of the coat of arms of Moscow
- ↑ Moscow symbol of the victory of good over evil. Coat of arms of Moscow (part 2) . Image Date of treatment December 8, 2014.
- ↑ On the restoration of the historical coat of arms of the city of Moscow. Order. Moscow Mayor 11/23/93 674-RM
- ↑ Heraldry.ru. Coat of arms of the city of Moscow
- ↑ Law of the city of Moscow dated 01.02.1995 No. 4-12 “On the coat of arms and flag of the city of Moscow”
- ↑ Law of the city of Moscow dated 11.06.2003 No. 39 “On the emblem of the city of Moscow” (Unavailable link) . Date of treatment November 15, 2012. Archived on February 4, 2015.
- ↑ Medvedev M. George the Victorious: holy icon and hero of the coat of arms.
- ↑ Lebedeva E. Moscow coat of arms: a hero pierces a reptile.
- ↑ Terms of use of the State Emblem of the Russian Federation