Johannes de Becke , or Jan van der Becke ( Dutch Johannes de Beke , or Johan van der Beke , or Jan Beke , Latin Ioannes de Beka ) - Dutch chronicler, Benedictine monk from the Abbey of St. Adalbert in Egmond [1] , author of Chronography ( lat. Chronographia ), or Chronicles of Holland, Zealand and Frisia ( French: Cronicque de Hollande, de Zeellande et de Frise ).
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Content
- 1 Life and work
- 2 notes
- 3 Publications
- 4 Bibliography
- 5 Links
Life and Works
Biographical data are practically absent, perhaps he was a native of Stoutenburg near Amersfoort (modern province of Utrecht ) and came from a knightly family [2] . Having a priestly rank , he was a monk of Benedictine Abbey of St. Adalbert in Egmond , near Bergen , in North Holland .
Between 1340 and 1346 [3] he compiled in his monastery in Latin “Chronography” ( lat. Chronographia ), or “Chronicle of Holland, Zealand and Frisia” ( FR. Cronicque de Hollande, de Zeellande et de Frise ), which he dedicated to Bishop Utrecht Jan van Arkel and Count of Holland Willem V of Bavaria , potential customers of his work [4] .
The basis of this compilation in nature of the work, setting out the history of the Utrecht bishops and counts of Holland and Zealand from the time of Ancient Rome to 1346, is based on the rhymed chronicle of the predecessor de Becke, the Dutch chronicler Melis Stoke (d. 1305), who served as secretary to Earl Floris V (1256-1296). Other sources were: The Egmond Annals, a continuation of the chronicle of the Egmond Abbey for 1205–1332 by William the Procurator ( Latin: Willelmi Chronicon Monachi, et Procuratoris Egmondani ), as well as the lives of Jerome Stridon , Gregory the Great , St. Boniford, Wilbond Radboda Utrecht , etc. [5] .
Obviously, the main goal of de Becke was the historical justification of the state unity of the counties of Holland and Zealand, as well as the hereditary rights of their rulers, coupled with the development of an ideological basis for national reconciliation between the Dutch and the Frisians .
Some scholars consider de Becke’s Chronography “extremely unreliable” with respect to facts and chronology, however, at the end of the 14th century it was translated into Middle Dutch, and in the 15th century it was one of the most popular Dutch epic sources, being, in particular, used anonymous author of “Til Annals” ( lat. Annales Tielensis ) [6] .
The "Chronography" of Johannes de Becke, whose entries end on September 24, 1346 , has three sequels of independent historical value, the first belonging to Peter Suffridi ( lat. Suffridi Petri ) [7] , until 1393, the second until 1434, and finally the third until 1529. Together with all these continuations, supplemented by the “History of the Utrecht Bishops” by Willem Kheda (1521), it was first printed in 1612 in Franeker Rombertus Doyemoy, and then reprinted in 1643 in Utrecht by Jan van Dorn.
In 1973, in The Hague , edited by prof. H. Bruch prepared the reconstructed original Latin version of the "Chronography" de Becke. Microphotocopies of the manuscripts used for this, collected by the editor, were transferred to the special collections department of the Royal National Library of the Netherlands [8] .
Notes
- ↑ Johannes de Beke // ARLIMA. Archives de littérature du Moyen Âge.
- ↑ Ioannes de Beka canonicus Ultrajectinus. - Vol. 1 .-- Ultraiecti, 1643. - p. 204.
- ↑ De Kroniek van Johannes de Beka, door HP Coster. - Utrecht, 1914. - p. 166.
- ↑ Janse Antheun. Beke, Johannes de // Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle. - Leiden, 2016.
- ↑ Chronographia Johannis de Beke. Whitgeg. door H. Bruch. - Gravenhage, 1973. - pv
- ↑ Til annals . Introduction by I.V. Dyakonov // Website “Oriental Literature”.
- ↑ Lorenz O. Becanus, Johann // ADB . - Bd. 2. - Leipzig, 1875. - s. 199.
- ↑ The Johannes de Beke Chronicle up until 1430 // Resources.huygens.knaw.nl.
Publications
- Historia veterum episcoporum Vltraiectinae sedis, & comitum Hollandiae, explicata Chronico Iohannis de Beca canonici Vltrajectini ab anno nativitatis Christi usque ad annum 1345 ... - Franeqvera: Exc. Rombertus Doyema, 1612. - pp. 1-192.
- Ioannes de Beka canonicus Ultrajectinus. historia veterum episcoporum vltraiectinae sedis, & comitum hollandiae, explicata chronico iohannis de beca canonici vltrajectini ab anno nativitatis christi usque ad annum 1345 van Doorn, 1643. - pp. 1-205.
- De Kroniek van Johannes de Beka, haar bronnen en haar eerste Redactie, door Dr. Harry Pierre Coster. - Utrecht: A. Oosthoek, 1914 .-- xiv, 302 p.
- Chronographia Johannis de Beke. Whitgeg. door H. Bruch. - Gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff, 1973.- ix, 384 p. - ISBN 9024715628 .
Bibliography
- Ottokar Lorenz. Becanus, Johann // Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie . - Band 2. - Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, 1875. - s. 199.
- Luit van der Tuuk. Utrechtse bisschoppen in ballingschap. - Utrecht: PlantijnCasparie, 2003 .-- ISBN 907-1108228 .
- Janse Antheun. Beke, Johannes de // Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle, ed. by Graeme Dunphy and Cristian Bratu. - Leiden: Brill, 2016.
Links
- Historia veterum episcoporum Vltraiectinae sedis, explicata Chronico Iohannis de Beca (Francker edition 1612)
- Ioannes de Beka canonicus Ultrajectinus (Utrecht edition of 1643)
- Kroniek van Johannes de Beke (1973 Hague Edition)