Abdul-Hamid Kishk (March 10, 1933 - December 6, 1996) - Egyptian preacher and Islamic scholar. Known for his humorous and highly popular sermons, as well as an ardent opponent of music, the restrictions of polygamy, and his criticism of the injustice and repression that took place in the Islamic world [1] .
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Content
- 1 Biography
- 2 Activities
- 2.1 Marriage
- 3 notes
Biography
Born March 10, 1933 in the village of Shubra Heath , located near Alexandria . His father died when the boy had not yet reached school age. By the age of 8, Abdul-Hamid had already memorized the Quran. Around the same time, he was struck by a disease that led to loss of vision. This event, however, only strengthened his desire for study. He graduated from Al-Azhar University , after which he became an imam, and his hutb [2] became known throughout Egypt [1] .
Around 1964, Abdul Hamid began to preach from the Minbar of the Cairo mosque, Ein al-Hayyat. In 1965, he was sentenced to 2.5 years in prison for criticizing the government. The peak of the preacher’s fame came from 1967 to the early 1980s, when about 10 thousand people gathered at his sermon during Friday prayers [3] . According to French researcher Gilles Kepel ,
In the last years of Sadat’s presidency, it was impossible to walk the streets of Cairo without hearing a loud voice [Abdul-Hamid Kishka]. Entering the vehicle, you will hear the driver listening to the notes of his sermons. They listen to Gut in Cairo, Casablanca, and the Marseille region, populated by North Africans. A magazine published on Saudi money called him “the star of Islamic preaching” ... no one controls his incomparable vocal chords, his ideas about Islamic culture, his phenomenal abilities for improvisation, and his sense of humor - all this he uses to criticize the infidel, military regimes dictatorship, a peace treaty with Israel .. Its glory was so great that the ministry of the Waqfs had to attach several outbuildings to the mosque so that it could accommodate everyone who was going to pray on Friday. However, in 1981 even this was not enough to accommodate about 10 thousand people who gathered regularly.
Original textIn the last years of the Sadat's presidency, it was impossible to walk the streets of Cairo without hearing [Kishk's] stentorian voice. Climb into a collective service-taxi and the driver is listening to one of Sheikh Kishk's recorded sermons ... They listen to Kishk in Cairo, in Casablanca, and in the North African district of Marseilles. A Saudi-funded magazine has dubbed him `the star of Islamic preaching` ... none commands his incomparable vocal cords, his panoramic Muslim culture, his phenomenal capacity for improvisation, and his acerbic humor in criticizing infidel regimes, military dictatorship, the peace treaty with Israel ... So great was his fame that the Ministry of Waqf had to build several annexes to the mosque to accommodate the Friday crowds. In 1981, however, even these were insufficient to shelter the approximately 10,000 people who regularly attended. [four]
The popularity of Abdul Hamid in the Arab world increased even more due to the distribution of more than two thousand of his sermons on audio tapes [5] .
In 1981, shortly after the assassination of Egyptian President Anwar Sadat, Kishk was arrested, but in 1982 he was released from prison by order of the next president, Hosni Mubarak , the condition for the release of the preacher was the complete cessation of his activities. After this, the recordings of the sermons that he had previously made were still popular, but the mosque from the minbar, which he performed, was converted into a medical center [6] .
Activities
Speaking from the Minbar of the Ein Al-Hayyat Mosque, Kishk condemned social inequality in the country, as well as the suppression of the Islamic movement. Under the Nasser regime, he was considered a dissident after he did not support the execution of Sayyid Kutba , as well as smooth out the contradictions between the Islamic state and Soviet socialism. Under Anwar Sadat, the official media boycotted Gut, but the records of his sermons were very popular not only in Egypt, but throughout the Arab world [1] .
Marriage
Kishk criticized Egyptian secularists for "abolishing personal life." Specifically, he was unhappy with law 44/1979, according to which the husband was obliged to inform his wife if he married a second woman. “According to the new law, if the first wife was against, she had the right to divorce immediately, and also had the right to live after that in her husband’s house until the children were growing up. This law, which was prepared by the Ministry of Social Development in cooperation with scientists at Al-Azhar University, provoked fury from "Gut and other sheikhs, who believed that it was" contrary to Sharia " [7] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 Kishk Biography قصة حياة الشيخ كشك unopened (August 28, 1999). Date of treatment November 30, 2017. Archived on August 28, 1999.
- ↑ عبد الحميد كشك - الدروس - طريق الإسلام . islamway.com .
- ↑ Fadfadation. Fadfadation unopened . fadfadation.blogspot.com .
- ↑ Kepel, Gilles, Le Prophete et Pharaon, English translation published in 1986, University of California Press. Original French edition published in 1984, Le Prophete et Pharaon, Editions Le Decouverte, p. 172, 175
- ↑ الشيخ كشك .. فارس المنابر ونزيل السجون .
- ↑ John Esposito, The Oxford Dictionary of Islam , Oxford University Press 2003
- ↑ Kepel, Le Prophete et Pharaon (1986), p. 181