Labarna I ( Laparnasus ) - king of the Hittite kingdom , ruled around 1680-1650 BC. e. The son of Papahdilma [1] .
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Not a single genuine inscription of this king has been preserved. According to the Hittite historical tradition, Labarna I is considered the founder of the ancient Hittite dynasty . The will of his successor, Hattusili I, reports on the struggle of Labarna I with the dignitaries who promoted Papahdilm to the throne [1] . More recent sources, such as the Decree to Telepin , report that Labarna I was a successful conqueror. Initially reigning only in Kussar (the ancient Hittite capital), Labarna conquered the cities of Hupisna (identified with the ancient Cybistra ), Tuvanuva (ancient Tiana ), Nenassa , Land, Tsallara, Purushand and Lusna (ancient Listra ) and appointed sons the rulers of these cities. Labarna made trips and even further. In the south, he took control of the northern slopes of the Taurus mountain range , and in the north, apparently, went to the Black Sea coast , thus expanding the borders of the Hittite kingdom “from sea to sea” (that is, from the Mediterranean to the Black Sea) [2] . From a later treaty between the Hittite king Muwatalli II and Alaksand, king Vilusa (identified with Ilion , the capital of Troas - the kingdom of Troy ), it can be seen that Labarna I reached this remote region of Asia Minor .
The name Labarnes, as it seems, was taken by the subsequent Hittite kings as the title - “ Tabarn ” (like the ancient “ Caesar ” - a derivative from Caesar ). Under Labarnes, Queen Tavannanna enjoyed great influence, mentioned by the royal lists of memorial sacrifices as the ancestor of the dynasty, and probably Labarna's sister. Like Labarnet, Tawannanna also transferred her name as a title to future Hittite queens, who were the high priestesses.
Moreover, not every king’s wife became tavannas , since this title was lifelong and the widowed queen could wear it [3] [4] ; The ruling queen-priestess of the tavannanna had her own court, income, and played an important cult and political role [4] , which the young queen could not fully claim.
There is speculation about the identity of Labarna with Hattusili I. In addition, the queen of Kattusi is called the wife of either Hattusili or Labarn.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 “Testament of Hattusili I”
- ↑ "Decree to Telepin"
- ↑ O. Garni, Anna Blaze. 2. The Queen // The Hittites. Destroyers of Babylon = The Hittites. - M .: Centerpolygraph, 2009 .-- 296 p. - (Mysteries of ancient peoples). - ISBN 978-5-9524-4489-8 .
- ↑ 1 2 Eduard Akakievich Menabde. Hittite society: economics, property, family and inheritance . - Metsniereba, 1965 .-- S. 173, 177. - 240 p.
Literature
- "Testament of Hattusili I"
- "Decree to Telepin"
- History of the Ancient East. The origin of the oldest class societies and the first foci of slave civilization. Part 2. Front Asia. Egypt / Edited by G. M. Bongard-Levin . - M .: The main edition of the eastern literature of the publishing house " Science ", 1988. - 623 p. - 25,000 copies.
- Ancient East and antiquity . // Rulers of the World. Chronological and genealogical tables on world history in 4 vols. / Compiled by V.V. Erlikhman . - T. 1.