Smooth-skinned octopus [1] ( lat. Muusoctopus leioderma ) is a cephalopod species from the octopus order [1] of the genus family Enteroctopodidae . The species was described by the American zoologist ( S. Stillman Berry , 1887-1984) as Polypus leioderma in 1911 [2] . The genus Muusoctopus was described by Ian Geoffrey Gleadall , professor at Tohoku University, in п レ ド ル イ ア ン in 2004 [3] . The family Enteroctopodidae was described in 2014 [4] .
| Smooth-skinned octopus |
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| Scientific classification |
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| No rank : | Bilateral symmetrical |
| Superfamily : | Octopodoidea |
| View: | Smooth-skinned octopus |
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| International scientific name |
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Muusoctopus leioderma ( Berry , 1911) |
| Synonyms |
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- Benthoctopus leioderma
- Octopus leioderma
- Polypus leioderma
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It lives on the bottom from the tropical belt to the Arctic , in the North Pacific and the Arctic Ocean , in the Bering Sea and off the Pacific coast of North America at depths from 37 to 480 m [1] (according to other sources - 90-500 m [5] )
Extraorbital enlarged warts and peripheral mantle fold are present. The surface of the body is generally smooth, but rare warts are visible between the eyes and on the back. Hands are relatively short, the longest of them are 2 upper pairs. The funnel organ is W-shaped. Length 12–20 cm [1] .
Bilaterally symmetrical, highly organized mollusk. The body is clearly divided into arms, a head and a bag-like body. The rest of the shell is completely lost. The foot characteristic of the mollusks is transformed into a funnel and hands. Hands 8 are conical tentacles equipped with suction cups over their entire inner surface. Hands at the base are connected by a membrane (umbrellas). Suction cups are arranged in two rows, antennae and fins are absent. Suction cups are devoid of horn rings and stems; they are attached directly to the inner surfaces of the hands with their bases. The funnel is a conical tube, with a narrow end directed forward and outward, and with a wide base - back and into the mantle cavity. The funnel is used for swimming. The body is clad on all sides by a mantle, growing to it on the dorsal side and separated by a mantle cavity on the ventral side. In the mantle cavity there are gills, the anal and genital openings also open there. On the head are very complex and highly organized eyes, equipped with a cornea, iris, lens, vitreous body and a very sensitive retina. Radula is well developed. The pharynx is armed with powerful chitinous jaws, more accurately and lower, in the form reminding a parrot's beak. The ducts of the salivary glands flow into the oral cavity. An internal skeleton is developed, represented by cartilaginous formations that protect the head accumulation of the ganglia, eyes and statocysts in the form of a head capsule. Eggs attach to bottom objects. Fertilization is internal. The role of the copulative organ is performed by two altered arms, called hectocotyls. Gluttonous predator. A wonderful swimmer, but prefers to lie for a long time at the bottom, quickly leaving him in a moment of danger or in pursuit of prey [1] .
) species. After spawning and incubation of eggs, shortly after the appearance of juveniles from eggs, as a rule, the female dies. For breeding, the male attracts the female. During mating, the male holds the female with his hand, and introduces spermatophores with the hectocotyl into the mantle cavity of the female, where fertilization takes place. The young live for some time at the planktonic stage until they grow up and begin to lead a benthic (bottom) lifestyle [5] .
