Jewish Settlement Police ( Hebrew ืืฉืืจืช ืืืืฉืืืื ืืขืืจืืื ) is a unit, created in Mandate Palestine in 1936, during the Arab Uprising of 1936โ39 [1] .
History
At the end of 1940, there were about 15 thousand people in the Jewish settlement police units [2] . In 1946, the number of armed police units was 16 thousand people [3] . According to a statement by the Palestinian Government in June 1947, referred to by the Palestinian Commission of the United Nations, at that time the forces themselves amounted to only 1929 people [4] , and in early 1948 - about 2000 people [5] .
Settlement police collaborated with the British to form a united unit known as Special Night Squads , commanded by a British officer named Charles Ord Wingate , who arrived in Palestine in 1936 and shared the views of Christian Zionism [6] [7] [8] [9] . Special Night Troops guarded the Iraqi Petroleum pipeline and repelled attacks by Arab bandits on the pipeline.
The British authorities provided the police with a special uniform, small arms , light trucks and several machine guns. Jewish settlement police controlled territories around Jewish settlements and kibbutzim [10] . Hagana used the forces of the Jewish settlement police to train its soldiers. Since the formation of the settlement police and until the end of 1945, 13,455 people served in police units [11] [12] . The soldiers of the โHaganahโ units were legally trained in armed police units [13] [14] [15] .
Among the notable soldiers of the Jewish Settlement Police was Ariel Sharon , who joined the armed detachment in 1945 and soon became an instructor [16] [17] , as well as Yigal Allon . Both then served as ministers in the government of Israel. Sharon was the prime minister, and Allon was the interim prime minister.
Notes
- โ Levenberg, 1993 , p. 156
- โ Zweig, 1970 , p. 255
- โ Jewish Virtual Library - Chapter IX: Public Security
- โ A report by UN Palestine Commission. Report dated 10 January 1948. Mentions the Jewish Settlement Police. Retrieved on December 18, 2006.
- โ Khalaf, 1991 , p. 209
- โ Black, 1992 , p. 14
- โ Penkower, 1994 , p. 112
- โ Kessler, 1996 , p. 174
- โ Gal, 1986 , p. four
- โ Bar-On, 2004 , p. 4, pp. 27-28
- โ Levenberg, 1993 , p. 156
- โ Rosenzweig, 1989 , p. 110
- โ FRD, 2004 , p. 285
- โ Gal, 1986 , pp. 4-5
- โ Tal, 2004 , p. 68, 2004, p. 68
- โ Karsh, 2002 , p. 69
- โ Tucker, 2001 , p. 287
Literature
- Bar-On, Mordechai. A Never-Ending Conflict: A Guide to Israeli Military History. - Praeger / Greenwood, 2004 .-- ISBN 0-275-98158-4 .
- Black, Ian. Israel's Secret Wars: A History of Israel's Intelligence Services. - Grove Press, 1992. - ISBN 0-8021-3286-3 .
- Federal Research Division. Israel: A Country Study. - Kessinger Publishing, 2004. - ISBN 1-4191-2689-X .
- Gal, Reuven. Portrait of the Israeli Soldier. - Praeger / Greenwood, 1986. - ISBN 0-313-24315-8 .
- Karsh, Efraim. The Arab-Israeli Conflict: The Palestine War 1948. - Osprey Publishing, 2002 .-- ISBN 1-84176-372-1 .
- Katz, Sam. Israeli Units Since 1948. - Osprey Publishing, 1988. - ISBN ISBN.
- Kessler, David. The Falashas: A Short History of the Ethiopian Jews. - London: Routledge, 1996. - ISBN 0-7146-4646-6 .
- Khalaf, Issa. Politics in Palestine: Arab Factionalism and Social Disintegration, 1939-1948. - SUNY Press. - ISBN 0-7914-0707-1 .
- Levenberg, Haim. Military Preparations of the Arab Community in Palestine, 1945-1948. - London: Routledge, 1993. - ISBN 0-7146-3439-5 .
- Penkower, Monty Noam. The Holocaust and Israel Reborn: From Catastrophe to Sovereignty. - University of Illinois Press, 1994. - ISBN 0-252-06378-3 .
- Report by Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry from 1946 . Available online in the Jewish Virtual Library .
- Rosenzweig, Rafael N. The Economic Consequences of Zionism. - Brill Academic Publishers, 1989 .-- ISBN 90-04-09147-5 .
- Tal, David. War and Palestine, 1948: Strategy and Diplomacy. - London: Routledge, 2004 .-- 512 p. - ISBN 0-7146-5275-X .
- Tucker, Spencer C. Who's Who in Twentieth Century Warfare. - London: Routledge. - ISBN 0-415-23497-2 .
- Zweig, Ferdynand. Israel: the Sword and the Harp. - Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1970 .-- 326 p. - ISBN 0-8386-7534-4 .