Munich Agreement ( German: Vertrag von München) - an agreement concluded on 8 October 1619 in Munich by the Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II with the head of the Catholic League, Duke Maximilian I of Bavaria , under which he pledged to provide the emperor with military support in the fight against Frederick V , Elector of the Palatinate .
| Munich agreement | |
|---|---|
| Signing | |
The Czech uprising against Emperor Ferdinand II , which began in 1618, escalated into the Thirty Years War . The rebels proposed in September 1618 to Frederick the crown of the Czech Republic as the leader of the Evangelical Union founded by his father to defend Protestantism in the Holy Roman Empire.
The Bavarian Duke Maximilian pledged to provide Catholic League troops to help repay the military conflict. For this, the Duke of Bavaria was promised possession of the Elector of Palatinate and his Elector.
The Duke Maximilian bailed Upper Austria under the leadership of Tilly ; the latter defeated the head of Frederick V Pfalzsky and the Czechs at the White Mountain near Prague (1620) and conquered the Pfalz . As a reward for this, Maximilian I received in 1623 from the emperor Upper Palatinate and the dignity of the Palatinate Elector.
It is believed that in the Munich Treaty there were several articles that were not included in the text, which stipulated permission for the Bavarian Duchy to occupy the Upper Palatinate and the passage of the Palatinate Elector, together with the title to Maximilian . Apparently, these articles were still known, because even before the Elector’s dignity was transferred to Maximilian, in the correspondence of contemporaries the title “ Elector ” was applied to the Bavarian Duke [1] .
Notes
- ↑ Documenta Bohemica bellum tricennale illustrantia / Hrsg. von den Tschechoslowakischen Akademien der Wissenschaften. Bd. 2. -Prag, 1972.- S. 258 (D. No. 718), S. 264 (D. No. 742)
Literature
- Gerhard Taddey: Münchener Vertrag. In: Ders. (Hrsg.): Lexikon der deutschen Geschichte. Personen, Ereignisse, Institutionen. Von der Zeitwende bis zum Ausgang des 2. Weltkrieges. 2. überarbeitete Auflage. Kröner, Stuttgart 1983, ISBN 3-520-80002-0 , S. 852f. (German)
- Sutherland, NM The Origins of the Thirty Years War and the Structure of European Politics. Oxford University Press: The English Historical Review, Vol 107, No. 424, pp. 587-625, July 1992. (English)