Thomisus nepenthiphilus (lat.) - a species of spiders of the side-walker spider family.
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Thomisus nepenthiphilus Fage , 1930 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Content
- 1 Description
- 2 Ecology
- 3 Distribution
- 4 notes
Description
The body length of the females is about 10 mm. The cephalothorax and forelegs are fawn. Hind legs and abdomen yellowish white. Males are reddish about 3.5 mm long [1] .
Ecology
Spiders are found only in the phytothelates of Nepenthes gracilis plants and feed on mosquito larvae living in the jug and flies caught on the edges of the jug [2] [3] [4] . Without spiders, fewer insects enter the jugs, but more nutrients come from each insect. The jugs in which the spiders settle have more insects, but less nutrients from each insect. The relationship between the spider and nepentes is beneficial in cases where the amount of food resources is limited and not profitable with a high number of insects [4] . The female arranges a spider web nest in the upper part of the jug. A single pitcher of Nepentes is never populated by more than one adult female. The cocoon with eggs is attached by a web to the inner wall. Development in a cocoon lasts 10 days. In cocoons of Thomisus nepenthiphilus, ichneumonids are parasitic, and chalcides are parasitic in the eggs of riders [5] . In case of danger from predators, spiders dive into a jug [3] .
Distribution
Found in Sumatra and Singapore [1] [4] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Fage L. Au sujet de deux araignées nouvelles trouvees dans les urnes de Nepenthes (Fr.) // Treubia. - 1930. - Vol. 12 , n o 1 . - P. 23-28 . - DOI : 10.14203 / treubia.v12i1.1856 .
- ↑ Weng Ngai Lam & Hugh TW Tan. The crab spider – pitcher plant relationship is a nutritional mutualism that is dependent on prey-resource quality (Eng.) // Journal of Animal Ecology: journal. - 2019 .-- Vol. 88 , no. 1 . - P. 102-113 . - ISSN 1365-2656 . - DOI : 10.1111 / 1365-2656.12915 .
- ↑ 1 2 Trina Jie Ling Chua and Matthew Lek Min Lim. Cross-habitat predation in Nepenthes gracilis: the red crab spider Misumenops nepenthicola influences abundance of pitcher dipteran larvae (Eng.) // Journal of Tropical Ecology: journal. - 2012. - Vol. 28 , no. 1 . - P. 97-104 . - DOI : 10.1017 / S0266467411000629 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 Lim RJ Y, Lam WN & Tan HTW Novel pitcher plant-spider mutualism is dependent upon environmental resource abundance. (English) // Oecologia: journal. - 2018 .-- Vol. 188 , no. 3 . - P. 791-800 . - DOI : 10.1007 / s00442-018-4246-8 .
- ↑ van der Meer Mohr JC A propos des Araignées népenthicoles du Nord de Sumatra (nid.) // Tijdschrift voor entomologie. - 1932. - Bd. suppliment 75 . - P. 233-241 .