The Ryazanovs , Russian Old Believer merchants, were engaged in gold mining . Since 1801 - merchants of the first guild. Until 1846, representatives of the dynasty bore the surname Rezanov , and they should not be confused with the noble family of the same name .
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Dynasty History
The ancestor is Stepan Kirillovich Ryazanov, a peasant from the village of Shartash , where he lived with his mother Ulyana Ivanovna. We know these names thanks to the census of the Old Believers that took place in 1735.
Stepan's son Mercury (1741-1814) stood at the origins of family wealth. He was able to move from the 3rd merchant guild to the 2nd, began to conduct business in Yekaterinburg. He was a merchant headman from 1781 to 1782 and was the mayor of Yekaterinburg from 1787 to 1790. He made business trips to Kazan , Nizhny Novgorod , Moscow , St. Petersburg . True, he also happened to be under investigation - once in his youth for the Old Believers, the second, already in maturity, for hiring the runaways. And in 1801 Mercury Stepanovich Ryazanov with his sons Peter, Terenty, Vasily and Yakim were recorded in the merchants of the 1st, the highest guild [1] .
Pyotr Ryazanov, son of Mercury and a merchant of the 2nd guild, built a malting factory [2] . By the end of the 18th century, the Ryazanovs were able to become the largest producers of candles, soap, cloth and pharmaceutical preparations of that time in animal fats so necessary for the production of candles, soap, cloth and Yekaterinburg. This business was then very profitable. The merchants already had two salted plants, they also supplied iron to the wharf and stone for the horn to the factories. Together with other large merchants and breeders, such as F. F. Kazantsev, L. M. Tarasov, G. F. Zotov, P. Ya. Kharitonov, E. A. Kitaev, G. I. Poluzadov, and the Ryazanovs, they led a huge , which included up to 150,000 males alone, by a community of Ural and Siberian Old Believers (who had a priesthood). They even tried to alleviate the situation of the Old Believers and to facilitate the legalization of their Ural communities in the legal field of the Russian Empire, in this direction a lot, but without success, since his proposals were ultimately rejected by the authorities, Yakim (Joakim) Ryazanov tried. However, in the late 1830s and early 1840s, the Ryazanovs nevertheless joined the faith , that is, while preserving the "ancient" Old Believer way and features of the service, they began to recognize the hierarchy of official Orthodoxy.
Together with other merchants (the Balandins and I. S. Verkhodanov ), they searched for gold in Siberia , for which they organized expeditions. As a result, a number of deposits were discovered, the richest of which was Kundustuyulskoye (1832). The Ryazanovs are engaged in the development of gold deposits in the Northern and Southern Urals, in the Orenburg province .
Representatives of the dynasty played a role not only in the semi-underground Old Believers, but also in the “official” local government. From 1788 to 1867, five Ryazanovs eight times became the mayors (i.e. mayors) of Yekaterinburg.
The most famous representatives of the clan were Aniky Terentyevich and Yakim (Joakim) Merkuryevich . The latter was inclined to both entrepreneurship and reprisals; he repeatedly mortgaged his house on the banks of Iset in order to get out of debt. Once Yakim even for a long period "flew" from the merchants in the middle class. And the wedding of his and Zota Blokhin's children gave rise to an epic many-day booze with giving out fabrics and letting bears and dogs on passers-by.
Their descendants, however, turned out to be less vivid personalities and gradually curtailed their commercial activities. In the 1880s, the Ryazanovs left the merchants.
The memory of the Ryazanovs in Yekaterinburg
In honor of the Ryazanovs, a number of city objects were called or are called in Yekaterinburg. These are Ryazanovskaya street (later Bishop's), Ryazanovsky Old Believers' cemetery at the end of Vasentsovskaya street (was demolished), Ryazanovskaya church (later Ioanno-Zlatoustovskaya, then Holy Trinity), Ryazanovskaya hospital (located near the Ryazanovsky cemetery), "Ryazanovsky houses" No. 40 and No. 63 on Sibirsky Prospect and others. There is evidence of the existence in the past of underground passages between the possessions of the Ryazanovs.
Not far from the circus and the synagogue is the Ryazanovs manor with an outbuilding and stables (demolished in the 21st century), built by various architects and serving as a home for dynasty members until 1917. In Soviet times, there were various organizations in the estate; since the war it was given over to apartments. The park turned into a wasteland, which was then built up, raising the street level “flooded” the first floor of the house into the ground. The condition of the building with columns is poor, the monument needs repair. It was built 35 years from 1815 to 1850. In modern Yekaterinburg, there are rumors about the discovery of a treasure in the building and that an underground passage was found under it (a certain underground room was actually discovered during the dismantling of the stables).
The estate is connected mainly with Terenty Merkuryevich and Aniky Ryazanov ( Mamin-Sibiryak called him “The first king of the golden business”). Aniky was the son of Terenty. He died in 1857, not having time to realize his plan to open an almshouse in the city. His wife, however, continued her husband’s business and built the first hospital in Yekaterinburg [3] .