Mikhail Nikitich Kovenko ( Ukrainian, Mikhailo Mikitovich Kovenko ; (November 8 (20), 1888 , Belopolye , Akhtyr Uyezd , Kharkov Province , Russian Empire - not earlier than 1922 ) - Ukrainian military and political figure, journalist , diplomat . Member of the Ukrainian Central Council . One from the organizers of the formations and the commander of the units of the " Free Cossacks " in Kiev during the January uprising (1918).
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Biography
From the peasants. After graduating from the Lubotinsky Real School in 1899, he continued his studies in Germany. He studied at the Altenburg Polytechnic, at the mechanical faculty of the Royal Darmstadt Polytechnic Institute (now Darmstadt Technical University ). In 1910 he received a diploma in mechanical engineering.
From the same year he was called up for military service in the 1st Caucasus Railway Battalion. In 1914, for about two months he worked as an assistant engineer for the maintenance of mills of the Kharkov branch of the trading house “Abram Volkenstein and Sons”. The knowledge acquired in Germany was subsequently used against the Germans. During the First World War from October 1915 to July 1916 he headed the technical bureau of the All-Russian Zemsky Union of the South-Western Front .
In 1916 he joined the USDLP , actively participated in the political life of the country. He defended the right of the Ukrainian people to autonomy. As a representative of the USDLP, he participated in the First All-Ukrainian Labor Congress, which began its work on July 11, 1917 in Kiev . At this meeting, M. Kovenko was elected to the All-Ukrainian Council of Workers' Deputies and co-opted to the Ukrainian Central Council . At the end of 1917 he became a member of the Ukrainian Party of Independent Socialists .
The main activity of Kovenko was the creation of the Ukrainian armed forces. He took part in the formation of the “ Free Cossacks ” from among the volunteers.
Since September 17, 1917 - Director of the Electoral Bureau as part of the Secretary General of the Interior of Ukraine. Since December 1917, in connection with the beginning of the election campaign, he was sent to work in the Free Cossacks to instruct on the protection of the elections.
In January 1918 he commanded the units of the Free Cossacks during the defense of Kiev. In January 1918 he was appointed Kiev City Commissar from the UPR .
January 16, 1918 he was appointed special commandant of Kiev, participated in the suppression of the uprising at the Arsenal plant . In January 1918, he arrested left Ukrainian Social Revolutionaries who collaborated with the Bolshevik government. Under the leadership of M. Kovenko, the “free Cossacks” defeated the headquarters of the All-Russian Union of Jewish Warriors in Kiev on January 20, 1918, and killed the head of the Union of Jewish Warriors, I. Gogol and his deputy Boyarsky.
Since March 9, 1918 - a representative of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the UPR in Germany.
Since May 1918 - Director of the Arsenal factory in Kiev.
Chief Ataman Simon Petlyura instructed Kovenko to form two partisan detachments under the Special Corps of the UPR Army.
In 1919 he edited the newspaper "Ukraina", which was published in Kamenetz-Podolsky . At the beginning of the same year he became a special commandant of the city of Vinnitsa and the Vinnitsa region. Since 1919 - Chairman of the Supreme Investigation Commission to Combat Counter-Revolution.
Since 1920 - in exile in Romania . In 1922 he took part in the organization of the section of the Board of the branch of the Ukrainian Society of the League of Nations in Romania.
Literature
- Mironenko O. Kovenko Mihailo Mikitovich // Encyclopedia of Ukraine today: at 30 volumes / ed. count І. M. Dziuba [that ін.]; NAS of Ukraine, NTSH, Coordination Bureau of Encyclopedia of Advanced Ukraine NAS of Ukraine. - K., 2003-2016. - ISBN 944-02-3354-X . (Ukrainian)
- Ostashko T. Kovenko Mikhaylo Mikitovich // Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine: at 10 volumes / editorial board: V. A. Smoliy (head) and that; Institute of History of Ukraine NAS of Ukraine. - K.: Science. Dumka, 2007. - T. 4: Ka - Kom. - S. 390. - ISBN 978-966-00-0692-8 . (Ukrainian)