Zhivlyakov

Vasily Zhivlyak (sometimes Vasily Zhivlyakov) was one of the most wealthy merchants of Beloozero in the 16th century. Information about him and his family has been preserved in the archives of the Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery , the Belozersky Customs Certificate of 1551, the supplementary book of the Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery of the 17th century, and the Belozersky Ezov Book of 1584-1585 ^[1] .

During the “pestilence” of 1570-1571, Vasily Zhivlyak donated 200 rubles to the Kirillo-Belozersky monastery. In terms of size, this contribution was not inferior to the contributions of wealthy boyars or Ivan IV ^[1] .

Vasily Zhivlyakov had several children, the history has kept accurate data about some of them: sons Klima and Bazhen and daughter Xenia. The sons of Zhivlyak - Klim and Bazhen - were literate. Klim Zhivlyakov, who was nicknamed "Potka", that is, a bird, and Bazhen Zhivlyakov, as well as his father, were engaged in the sale of salt. Vasily Zhivlyak owned two barns on the Pidma River and one barn in Korotkoy. Barns were located at the main transshipment points along the route of salt to Beloozero from Kargopol ^[1] .

The father left Klim with two “trays” and a salt barn, which was located on Pidma, and another barn, which was located there, passed into Bazhen’s property ^{[1] [3]} . Among the owners of salt barns in this area, Roman Zhivlyakov, who could be a relative of Vasily Zhivlyakov, is also listed. In 1568, Vasily Zhivlyak's nephew, Semyon, sold 538 large Kostroma matrices to the Kirillo-Belozersky monastery. Klim Zhivlyakov was a collector of duties at the Beloozero auction in 1551-1552. Klim Zhivlyakov, after he had tonsured the monastery, took the name Cyril. One of the sons of Vasily Zhivlyak inherited about 700 rubles. Bazhen Zhivlyakov moved to Moscow, and in 1577 he transferred one of his salt barns to the Kirillo-Belozersky monastery. The salt barn of Roman Zhivlyakov on Pidma in 1584-1858 was already empty ^[1] .

From the fish vats in the merchant’s house, it can be concluded that his family was also engaged in fishing, the fish trade. In addition, in his house there was a tanning vat, 10 pounds of sheepskin soap, an oak mortar with a hearth and pestle. The merchant’s property included two “white-eye trays”. As of 1581, the merchant’s house had 40 oak sturgeons, 3 cart camps, 7 oak runners, 23 arcs, harnesses, 10 turns, 24 skeins of rope for linking carts ^[1] .

The merchant had large stocks of grain. After his death, as of 1581, there were over 520 quarters of grain in the granaries. There are suggestions that the merchant was engaged not only in salt and bread, but also in distilling, since in his house there was "a boiler and a broken cube." In 1581, the courtyard yard was estimated from 5 to 10 rubles, while the court of Vasily Zhivlyakov was estimated at 100 rubles. He was not far from the lake in Loginovy ​​magpie. Nearby, Vasily Zhivlyak built a wooden church, the Cathedral of the Virgin. As of 1657, the area of ​​the courtyard was 9750 square fathoms, which is 4 hectares. Vasiliy Zhivlyak owned a plowed plot. On it, in the autumn of 1581, 4.5 quarters of winter rye were sown, a vegetable garden, an orchard in which apple and cherry trees and two ponds grew ^[1] .

The property of Vasily Zhivlyakov was also the massifs of wives, which were located at the source of the Sheksna river on Marinin and on two sides of the river Ponzhni. There are suggestions that after the death of Vasily Zhivlyak, they were inherited by the son of Bazhen, who transferred part of his wives to the Kirillo-Belozersky monastery. A part was sold to them by a certain Kirill Evtekhiev in 1592 for 160 rubles. In the courtyard of Vasily Zhivlyak two complexes of residential and farm buildings stand out. These are residential premises and utility rooms. Among the living quarters there is a room with a room, a canopy with 6 windows (the size of the canopy is 5 fathoms). Among the utility rooms - closets, barns, a shed with a rear shed, a stable with a sennitsa, winter and summer cellars ^[1] .

The buildings of the smaller complex included living quarters on the basements - a room, canopy, and household buildings on the basements - a closet, a sennitsa. The well, the cookhouse, and the soap were in the backyard. The garden of Vasily Zhivlyak was surrounded by tyn, and his garden - by a picket fence. In the house of Vasily Zhivlyak there were numerous icons that were painted "on gold" ^[1] .

V. Zhivlyak handed over dresses worth 34 rubles and 18 altyn to the Kirillo-Belozersky monastery. His daughter Ksenia handed over the same dresses in the amount of 13 rubles. As of the end of 1581, in the house of Vasily Zhivlyak there was an iron screen, a cauldron, an iron pot, 2 pokers, 2 cadis, a thirty-leavened kvass pot, millstones, a mortar for manual cooking of flour, tar cadi, shovels, 160 bast shoes and other things. In the granaries there were 2080 pounds of grain, 2 pounds of flaxseed, there were 21 "cows" of ham. By the same year, 70 carts of firewood and 6 carts of hay were stockpiled ^[1] .

On December 29, 1581, the by-pass memory was transferred to the courtyard of K. V. Zhivlyakov in the Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery ^[1] .

Part of the possessions of Bazhen Zhivlyakov in 1600 also passed to the Kirillo-Belozersky monastery ^[1] .