Leonty Dmitriev - a large dealer in bread and salt, a shipowner [1] , who lived in the XVI century. Engaged in usury , due to which he gained fame [2] [3] . After his death, a will remained, according to which the children of Leonty Dmitriev received securities worth 15-17 thousand rubles in gold [2] . He was one of the famous traders and figures of Belozersk (Beloozero until the 18th century) [4] .
| Leonty Dmitriev | |
|---|---|
| Date of death | XVI century |
| Nationality |  Russian state |
| Occupation | bread and salt merchant |
| Children | three daughters |
Biography
Leonty Dmitriev lived in the city of Belozersk. He traded in salt and bread [5] ; he owned barns in which the aforementioned goods for sale were stored. One of his barns was located in Krokhin on the island. The owner of the barn was Ivan Matyunin, and Leonty Dmitriev rented it for storing bread and salt, which he bought, and then resold it. According to some reports, he also had his own barn, which was located "on Korotkoy" [1] . According to other sources, there were two such barn, and another was located on the Pidma River. His barns were on the way to transport salt from Kargopol to Beloozero [4] .
Leonty Dmitriev made trading operations, gave loans, he borrowed money [1] . One of those who lent money to Leonty Dmitriev was Kiryan Alekseev, son of Mamyshev, a collector of customs duties in 1551. His brother Efim was also engaged in this [6] . Leonty Dmitriev was the owner of the river transport - there is evidence that among his property was a large and roomy vessel, which was estimated at 30 rubles [1] .
Historians believe that Dmitriev was a posad man in the city of Beloozero and believe that he was also known by the name “Leonty Sumy Belozertsy,” who from 1539 to 1551 made a great contribution to the development of the Kirillo-Belozersky monastery . The help he provided was no less than that of the rich boyars or Ivan IV . There is an assumption that the merchant was also engaged in distillation, as he had a “wine cube with a pipe” [4] .
Shortly before making a will, Leonty Dmitriev bought 128 salt mats in Kargopol, paying 117 rubles for this. And in the barns that were in Krokhin and Korotkoy, there were 108 salt mats and 554 rye mats, worth 324 rubles. According to some sources, the will of Leonty Dmitriev is dated to the beginning of the 16th century [5] . According to other sources, this document was compiled in the late 1540s - early 1550s [4] .
Leonty Dmitriev donated his ship to the Ferapontov Monastery [1] . Bills, securities in the amount of 15-17 thousand rubles in gold [2] [3] , he left the warehouses with bread and salt to his children [1] - he had three daughters. They also had to get 1725 rubles, which he lent to various people. Dmitriev himself had no debts [4] .
Information about the home environment and various things of the merchant and landowner have been preserved. The icons that were in his house were painted on gold. From clothes, there is data about odnorjadka, for sewing of which they used an expensive variety of Bruges cloth of azure color, and presumably a cloth bastard of purple color. Among the women's clothing in his house was a squirrel cortel, a cooney peacock, a squirrel, a cunya fur coat and a green cloth fur coat, 3 years old, for the manufacture of which foreign fabrics and a beaver necklace were used. There is also information about the red muhoyar, izufra, silk stone. The clothes of Leonty Dmitriev and his family differed in the materials from which she was sewn, as well as in forms, from those clothes worn by less affluent people. Guests at the house of the merchant Leonty Dmitriev ate from tin or copper utensils. In his household was a washstand and copper tub [4] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 Peasants in Russia, 1954 , p. 42.
- ↑ 1 2 3 History of Russian entrepreneurship, 2018 , p. 55.
- ↑ 1 2 History of the national economy of the USSR, 1952 , p. 275.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 Belozerye, 1994 .
- ↑ 1 2 Peasants in Russia, 1954 , p. 21.
- ↑ Kisterev Sergey Nikolaevich. The emergence of the Institute of Customs Heads .
Literature
- O.A. Nikiforov, N.V. Borkina, A.N. Pershikov. History of Russian entrepreneurship: pre-revolutionary period. - Moscow: Yurayt Publishing House, 2018 .-- 140 p. - ISBN 978-5-534-06966-2 .
- B.D. Greeks. Peasants in Russia from ancient times to the XVII century. The second book. - Moscow: Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1954.
- P.I. Lyashchenko. History of the National Economy of the USSR, Volume I. - State Publishing House of Political Literature, 1952.
- V.S.Barashkova. Trading people of the city of Beloozero XVI century. - Leonty Dmitriev and Vasily Zhivlyak // Historical and literary almanac "Belozerye" . - 1994 .-- 284 p. - ISBN 5-87822-047-4 .