Student construction teams in Bashkortostan

In the USSR , the year 1958 is considered the moment of the first student construction detachment.

 From the Great Soviet Encyclopedia : The determining principle of the MTR is the organic combination of the production process with the educational process of higher education.  Participation in the MTR helps the future specialist to put into practice the knowledge acquired at the university, master organizational skills and experience in social and political activities, and forms a communist attitude to work.  [2] 

At the IX reporting and election conference of the Komsomol organization of Moscow State University , it was decided to create a construction team. In 1959, 339 physics students at Moscow State University Lomonosov went to the North Kazakhstan region to develop virgin lands. In regional universities, including in Bashkiria, they began to create MTR. The first Bashkir MTR was a detachment of students of Bashkir State University. Then a group of students of fifteen people on their own initiative went to the construction of the Ust-Ilim hydroelectric power station. The Komsomol Committee of the Ufa Aviation Institute attracted its students for the construction of two buildings and a sports hall of its own institute. In 1963, a trial trip of BSU students to Kazakhstan took place on a ticket to the Central Committee of the Komsomol of the USSR. The detachment included the future head of the correspondent office of the Russian State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company of the Ostankino company, and his own correspondent for the newspaper Pravda, Madril Gafurov . From what he saw as the excitement of construction projects that engulfed young people, he began to scandalize the necessity of creating a MTR in Bashkortostan ^[3] . His initiative was heard and supported. On March 11, 1964, the bureau of the Bashkir regional committee of the Komsomol rejected a decree on the third labor semester in the republic. This year went down in history as the year of the official formation of student groups in the republic. ^[4] Immediately, the MTR movement in Bashkiria began to grow. More than three thousand students left for shock construction sites in Ufa, Sterlitamak, Salavat. In 1965, the headquarters of the Komsomol Central Committee was created, which oversees all issues related to the MTR. Units are being created throughout the country. The geography of the construction sites on which the militants worked was expanded. In 1967, seven universities and twenty-two technical schools sent their students to build the Magnitogorsk — Ufa — Central Asia gas pipeline, and the Togliatti automobile plant.

In the USSR, the 70–80s formed the All-Union student detachment. The leadership of student groups was carried out by district (zonal), regional, regional and central headquarters headquarters. Students participated in the construction of industrial, agricultural, cultural, domestic and other facilities. In 1971, there were 428 thousand in construction teams, in 636 thousand in 1975, 822 thousand in 1980, and 830 thousand in 1985 ^[1] .

Student Intergroups

In 1966, the German Free Youth Union (SSNM) of the GDR organized an international student labor and leisure camp in the GDR and developed a student exchange practice. This idea was supported by the party leadership of the SED GDR. Subsequently, agreements were concluded between the educational institutions of the GDR and the countries of the socialist camp.

In the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in 1966, an agreement was signed on cooperation between the Belarusian State University and the Gallic University of the German Democratic Republic (GDR). Two years later, in the summer of 1968, in pursuance of the Decree of the Bureau of the Komsomol regional committee of July 16, 1968 "On the exchange of student construction teams between the BSU and the University of Halle GDR." The first students (21 fighters) of BSU went to the Galle district of the GDR for the construction of the Buna-Verke petrochemical enterprise. Inter-squad of the University of Gall. Martin Luther, in turn, arrived in the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic for the construction of the Iskozh Neftekamsk artificial leather factory. In subsequent years, cooperation between the Bashkir regional committee of the Komsomol committee of the Halle County SSNM committee continued, and was carried out through the exchange of delegations of 40 people on each side, international student construction teams. The exchange was carried out once a year. ^[five]

The selection of fighters was held by competition. Only the best students, social activists with experience in student teams were accepted into the squad. All candidates were discussed at the Komsomol cells of faculties, at meetings of the Komsomol committee and the party committee of the university (institute). Special training was held with the soldiers of the detachment on the history and culture, economics and politics of the GDR. Great attention was paid to the political maturity of students. The members of the inter-squad should have known well the main subjects from the history, geography and literature of the USSR and the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. For the first 6 years, the ISSO movement of the republic provided only BSU. In 1974, the UNI and the Belarusian State Pedagogical Institute concluded similar agreements with German colleagues from the Merseburg Technical School and the Higher Pedagogical School named after Krupskaya and accordingly created their first interdigit them. Matrosova and "Friendship".

In 1986, the Bashkir Agricultural Institute , having entered into an agreement with the Bernburg Higher School of Agriculture and Food Industry, creates building inter-teams.

In the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in 1987, 124 students from foreign countries, such as Cuba, Vietnam, Nicaragua, worked in a student camp. Moreover, 89 of them were students from the Galle district of the GDR.

After the events of 1989, incl. the destruction of the Berlin Wall , interuniversity inter-camps were not created. And subsequent events in the country and in the world will eliminate the opportunities for the development of this movement. At the XXII Extraordinary Congress of the Komsomol , convened in Moscow on September 27-28, 1991, the self-dissolution of the Komsomol was announced, after which the Central Headquarters of the SSO, and with it all the lower regional headquarters, ceased its activities. The movement of student groups stopped with the complete destruction of the system of work and mechanisms of interaction. As a result, all production ties and basic values ​​were lost. ^[five]

• Radiy Khabirov, acting head of the Republic of Bashkortostan in 1986, was the commander of the international student unit of the BSU "Friendship".
• Rector of BSMU Valentin Pavlov in 1986 was the commander of the student construction detachment of BSMI "Rovestnik".
• Rector of USTU Airat Shammazov was the commissioner of the university construction team.
• Former rector of the Bashkir State Pedagogical University. Akmulla Rail Asadullin worked in the international student unit "Comrade" in the city of Galle ( GDR ).
• Elshat Telyashev , Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, was a commander of an international student camp while studying at a university.
• Rector of the Bashkir State Agrarian University (since 2008) Ildar Gabitov .
• Director of the USATU branch in Sterlitamak (2003-2006) Vladimir Sholom .
• Chairman of the Government of the Republic of Bashkortostan (2015-2018) Rustem Mardanov .
• A well-known publisher of books on fellow countrymen from Bashkortostan, a local historian Nail Makhmutov, was a member of the student intrigue of 1986-1987.
• Rector of the Bashkir Academy of Public Administration and Management under the Head of the Republic of Bashkortostan (since 2011) Sergey Lavrenyev .
• Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Bashkortostan since 2009, rector of BSU (2010-2013) Akhat Mustafin .

• Student construction teams
• Communist Youth Union of Bashkortostan

• Makhmutov, Nail . And the construction teams ... move on. History of the MTR movement in Bashkortostan. - Ufa: Summer, 2012 .-- 344 p. - ISBN 9728-5-87308-060-1 .
• Makhmutov, Nail . Inter-movement in Bashkortostan: chronicle, essays, memoirs. - Ufa: Summer, 2007 .-- 376 p. - ISBN 5-87308-023-2 .