Gottlieb Göttlich ( born Gottlieb Göttlich ; genus Marie Rozin Göttlich, English Marie Rosine Göttlic , March 6, 1798 ) was an intersex who became famous for his condition, as many doctors saw this for the first time.
| Gottlieb Göttlich | |
|---|---|
| Gottlieb Göttlich | |
| Birth name | Marie Rosin Göttlich |
| Date of Birth | |
| Place of Birth | Nieder Leuba, Holy Roman Empire ( Germany ) |
| Occupation | Exhibited himself to the doctors as intersex |
Content
Early Life
Goetlich was born on March 6, 1798 in the Saxon village of Nieder-Leib, then part of the Holy Roman Empire , and now Germany . At birth, Gottlieb was considered a girl and was raised as Maria Rosin [1] .
At the age of 33, Göttlich began to have severe abdominal pain. At first it was considered that the hernia was the cause of the pain. In November 1832, Professor Friedrich Tidmann of the University of Heidelberg examined Goettlich. On examination, he discovered that Göttlich “was clearly a man with genitals of an unusual shape. Therefore, Göttlich will change into men's clothes and take the name Gottlieb ” [2] .
Career
Göttlich used his unique position to earn a living. He received a new passport indicating a male and toured throughout Europe, which allowed doctors to examine him for money. He was examined in the German cities of Bonn , Jena , Marburg , Mainz , Offenbach am Main , Breslau and Bremen . In Britain, he exhibited his body in Manchester , Liverpool , Glasgow , Aberdeen , Edinburgh , Montrose. In Ireland in Cork and Dublin [3] .
Continuing to travel around Europe, Gottlich won "fame and fortune." When he was offered surgical assistance to “correct” his genitals, Göttlich refused, saying that “against a proposal of this kind, since this would immediately deprive him of his ... easy and profitable way of being.” Dräger describes how: “in exchange for allowing him to examine him and publish reports about him, the medical and scientific workers gave Goetlich certificates indicating that his case was of great interest to the medical profession” [1] .
The Göttlich case was described as one of the "freaks' circuses" by several authors [4] [5] .
In most of the works, Goettlich is referred to as “hermaphrodite,” but today these terms are considered obsolete and people with atypical genitals are called intersex [6] [7] .
In literature
Goetlich appeared in many books, both artistic and documentary. Some of them are presented below:
- “ Middle sex ”, Jeffrey Eugenides [ [8]
- " Hermaphrodites and the Medical Invention of Sex", Alice Domurat Drege [2]
- " The One-Sex Body on Trial: The Classical and Early Modern Evidence", Professor Helen King [9]
- Hermaphroditismus beim Menschen, Franz Ludwig von Neugebaue [10]
- Dr Handyside's Case of Hermaphrodism, Peter Handyside in The Edinburgh Medical and Surgical Journal , Volume 43, pages 313-318 [3]
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Alice Domurat Dreger. Jarring Bodies: Thoughts on the Display of Unusual Anatomies (Eng.) // Perspectives in Biology and Medicine. - Vol. 43 , iss. 2 - P. 161–172 . - ISSN 1529-8795 .
- ↑ 1 2 Dreger, Alice Domurat. Hermaphrodites and the medical of the invention of sex . - Cambridge, Mass .: Harvard University Press, 1998. - 1 online resource (xiii, 268 pages) p. - ISBN 9780674034334 , 0674034333.
- ↑ 1 2 Handyside, Peter (March 1835). "Dr Handyside's Case of Hermaphrodism". The Edinburgh Medical and Surgical Journal . 43 : 313–318.
- ↑ Changing Sex in Victorian England . Beachcombing's Bizarre History Blog (November 21, 2010). The appeal date is June 7, 2019.
- ↑ Pettit, Fiona Yvette. "Freaks in Late Nineteenth-Century British Media and Medicine"
- ↑ Is a person who is intersex a hermaphrodite? | Intersex Society of North America . www.isna.org. The appeal date is June 7, 2019.
- Mentary Commentary: My life as a 'Mighty Hermaphrodite' - CNN.com . www.cnn.com. The appeal date is June 7, 2019.
- ↑ Eugenides, Jeffrey (2007). Middlesix . Picador. p. 19. ISBN 978-0312427733 .
- ↑ King, Helen (2013). The One-Sex Body On Trial: The Classical And Early Modern Evidence . Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
- ↑ von Neugebaue, Franz Ludwig (1908). Hermaphroditismus beim Menschen . Klinkhardt.