Marino Francesco Maria Caracciolo ( Italian. Marino Francesco Maria Caracciolo , also known as Marino III Caracciolo ; July 7, 1668, Rezina - February 18, 1720, Vienna ), 5th Prince di Avellino, 6th Duke di Atripalda - statesman of the Neapolitan kingdom .
Marino Francesco Maria Caracciolo | |||||||
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ital Marino Francesco Maria Caracciolo | |||||||
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Predecessor | Francesco Marino Caracciolo | ||||||
Successor | Francesco Marino II Caracciolo | ||||||
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Birth | July 7, 1668 Ercolano | ||||||
Death | February 18, 1720 (51) Vein | ||||||
Rod | Caracciolo | ||||||
Father | Francesco Marino Caracciolo | ||||||
Mother | Jeronim Pinyatelli Tagliavia d'Aragona Cortes | ||||||
Awards |
Content
Biography
Son of Francesco Marino Caracciolo , 4th Prince di Avellino, and Jeronimy Pignatelli Tallavia d'Aragona Cortes.
Patrician Neapolitan, 3rd Marquess of Sanseverino, 3rd Earl di Serino, Grand Chancellor of the Neapolitan Kingdom, Spain ’s First Class Grand , Prince of the Holy Roman Empire .
At the age of six, he lost his father, from whom he inherited a colossal state aside from titles, since the majority of the inner regions of Campania were in the possession of the Caracciolo-Rossi family, who gave considerable income and made this name the richest and most influential in the Neapolitan kingdom.
March 4, 1675 Charles II was promoted to the generals of the heavy cavalry of Naples ( generale di cavalleria dei catafratti ), which was a hereditary position in his family. Prince spent his childhood in Avellino under the tutelage of his mother and with the assistance of Judge Alvaro della Quadra. The best Neapolitan mentors, including Filippo Anastasio , a well-known writer who instilled a love for literature to his pupil, were engaged in his studies.
Thanks to his marriage to the niece of Lorenzo Onofrio Colonna , the great constable, and then regent of the Neapolitan kingdom, Prince Avellino further strengthened his influence, and in 1687 was able to appoint Anastasio to the department of civil and then canon law at the University of Naples , despite the protests of scholars.
At that time, Marino Francesco Maria was a member of the so-called colony of Sebezia, which was part of Neapolitan Arcadia (a literary academy divided into regional colonies; the Neapolitan colony was called Sebezia after the river Sebeto, which flowed east from the city into meadows and irrigated fields. Now it is heavily polluted and is not a source of poetic inspiration). Under the pseudonym of Klisio Luziano, the prince composed pastoral reasoning, which is not of great poetic value.
Because of his hot temperament, the prince repeatedly got involved in serious conflicts. In 1687, he was threatened with punishment for the murder of several soldiers, but then his uncle regent saved him. From February 20 to April 12, 1692, Marino, by order of the viceroy, Count de Santisteban was imprisoned in the castle of Sant Elmo, for having killed one of his vassals in Avellino who had not kept his oath. In this case, he was also pardoned.
Two years later, a fight broke out between his people and the inhabitants of Mugnano when the prince was driving through a village in a carriage. Locals had a numerical advantage, so Marino had to shamefully flee. Despotic character and great influence made Prince Avellino an unpopular figure. When Marino Festa died in 1699, who left a lot of debt, they said that he owed a large sum to the great chancellor of the kingdom promised for promotion to the post of secretary of the College of Doctors of Naples. Caracciolo proved the power of his home, having secured the chair of Anastasio for Archbishop Sorrento .
March 17, 1694 was granted by Charles II to the Knights of the Order of the Golden Fleece .
With the beginning of the war for the Spanish inheritance, Prince Avellino proved his loyalty to Philip V. In 1701, a plot of Prince MacKee was organized in Naples, and Marino sent two hundred soldiers to the presidency of the province of the Principality of Ultra to help put down an uprising in the area. The following year, he led a large military detachment to Lombardy , equipped at his own expense, spending 100,000 scouts on an expedition. In December 1702, the king made him camp marshals and appointed the Vicar General of the Far and Near Campaign (the principalities of Ultra and Citre ), which did not satisfy the prince’s ambitions, who considered the reward insufficient and did not compensate for the expenses incurred.
With the beginning of the Austro-Spanish war over Naples, Prince Avellino became the head of the pro-Austrian party. In July 1707 he gathered about 4 thousand soldiers and occupied the Monteforte pass, not allowing Prince Castiglione, who commanded the Spanish cavalry, to seize the road to Abruzzi , and another of his squadron was located in the rural district of Mercato San Severino , which closed the passage to Salerno . Meanwhile, the Austrian commander, Count von Down, invaded Neapolitan territory from the north, and soon the Spaniards were forced to capitulate.
As a reward for services, Charles III on August 12, 1708, built Marino to the dignity of the Spanish grandee. An anonymous Neapolitan contemporary branded Prince Avellino in a pamphlet, calling him an "unholy traitor", "an unworthy vicar" and "a traitor to God, the king and the fatherland." In fact, being a courtier, the prince simply sided with a stronger party.
In 1710, Karl appointed Marino as ambassador at the court of Pope Clement XI . The prince came to Rome at the head of one hundred and eighty servants and vassals, and settled in the palace of Piombino on Piazza Colonna . At the beginning of 1712, he suddenly resigned and returned to Naples. The emperor praised his services, paying a large sum in addition to the annual salary of 40 thousand ducats. By imperial decree, given in Vienna on November 26, 1715, Marino with his descendants was elevated to the dignity of the Prince of the Holy Roman Empire, with the definition of a dear and beloved cousin and the right to mint a coin, and in 1716 he was granted to the imperial secret advisers.
The last years of his life the prince spent in Vienna, seeking inheritance after the death of his mother, and died there on February 18, 1720, as was suspected, from poison. The remains were transported to Avellino a few years later.
Family
Wife (1687): Anthony Spinola (1659-21.02.1744), daughter of Paolo Spinola, Duke di Sanseverino and Marquis de los Balbases, and Anna Colonna. She brought in a dowry 60 thousand ducats. Managed property in the absence of her husband. Rebuilt the castle of Avellino, affected by the earthquake of 9.10.1694. The new palace, built by Neapolitan architect Christopharo Skores, was decorated with luxurious furniture, tapestries and paintings, and remained a princely residence until 1808.
Children:
- Francesco Marino II (05/10/1688 - May 1, 1772), 6th Prince Avellino. Wife (04/30/1713): Julia d'Avalos d'Akvino d'Aragon (d. 1726), daughter of Nicolas d'Avalos d'Akvino d'Aragon, Prince Montesarchio and Troy, and Giovanna Caracciolo
- Maria Dzhirolama (11.26.1689—26.03.1691)
- Anna Maria (03/17/1969-13.10.1715). Male (07.13.1713): Diego Pignatelli of Aragon Cortes (1687-1750), 9th Duke di Monteleone
- Nicola (r. And d. 14.01.1692)
- Teresa (06/12/1969–7.10.1779), nun under the name of Carlotta's sister in the monastery of Santa Maria Donna Regina in Naples from 1712
- Ambrogio (07.24-4.08.1694)
- Ambrogio (Jan. 26, 1699–23.02.1746), Prince Torchiarolo and the Holy Roman Empire. Wife (06.27.1729): Maria Francisco Afan de Rivera (died 1750), Perafan's daughter Afan de Rivera, Marquis de Villanueva de los Torres, and Serafiny Bernardo, Marquise di Montenegro. Founder of the line Caracciolo di Torquiaro
Literature
- Pinedo y Salazar J. de. Historia de la Insigne Orden del Toisón de Oro. TI - Madrid: Imprenta Real, 1787. , p. 437–438
Links
- CHEVALIERS DE LA TOISON D'OR - MAISON DE HABSBOURG (HOUSE OF HABSBURG) (Fr.) . The appeal date is May 24, 2019.
- CARACCIOLO, Marino Francesco Maria (Italian) . The appeal date is May 24, 2019.
- Gerardo Pescatore. LA STORIA DEI CARACCIOLO, PRINCIPI DI AVELLINO (ital.) . The appeal date is May 24, 2019.