Tlauitskalpantecutli [1] , also Tlauiscalpantecutli [2] [3] and Tla'uiscalpantecutli [4] ( nahuatl tlāhuizcalpan “down” + tecuhtli “lord, sovereign”) [5] - one of the main deities of Aztec mythology , venerator 6] . Tlauitskalpantecutli is one of the 13 Lords of the day , Responsible for 12 days of the Aztec calendar tresen .
| Tlauitskalantekutli | |
|---|---|
| Mythology | Aztec |
| Latin spelling | Tlāhuizcalpantecuhtli |
| Floor | |
| Astrological symbol | Venus |
| Day of the week | 12 days Tresalpa Tonalpoally |
Content
Mythology
Tlauitskalpantekutli plays an important role in the creation of Tonatiu - the Fifth Sun in cosmogonic mythology.
The Memoriales of Toribio de Benavente and the Codex Cimalpopoca say that the Toltec ruler Topilcin Quetzalcoatl became the morning star after death [7] . Quetzalcoatl rushes into the fire , decorating his regalia. His ashes soared up, many beautiful birds were sacrificed, while the spirit of Quetzalcoatl left his heart and finally became part of the sky [8] .
In the Annals of Quautitlan, the date of his death is indicated - 1 Reed from the 52-year cycle from his birthday [7] [9] .
In the second part of the Code of Chimalpopoka (Legends of the Suns), Tlauitskalpantekutli became angry when the sun god Tonatiu did not swim in the sky after creation, and shot at Tonatuiu with an atlate dart, but missed and was wounded by the dart of Tonatiu. At this moment, the god of the morning star Tlauitskalpantekutli turned into the god of stone and cold Itzlakoliuki . Then the other gods of Tescatlipoca, Hucilopochtli, Nochpalliikue, Yapallikue, Shochiketsal sacrificed themselves in Teotihuacan so that the sun again floated across the sky. This gave rise to a new era [9] .
Tlauitskalpantecutli is one of the four gods who supports the sky and is associated with the eastern direction [10] .
Belief
It was believed that Tlauitskalpantekutli harms people by shooting darts. According to the Annals of Quautitlan, after his death, Topilcin Quetzalcoatl spent 4 days in Miktlan , where he created darts before becoming a morning star.
Annals call his victims by the days of the Aztec calendar [8] [9] :
- 1 Alligator - older people;
- 1 Jaguar, 1 Deer and 1 Flower - small children;
- 1 Reed - noble people;
- 1 Death is everything;
- 1 Movement - young people;
- 1 Rain - no rain;
- 1 Water - drought.
Calendar
As the ruler of the 12th day in the Tonalpoalli sacred Aztec calendar, Tlauitskalpantecutli is also responsible for tresena starting at 1 Snake and ending at 13 Movement. In this he is associated with the fire god Shiutekutli [11] .
Notes
- ↑ Kuprienko S.A., Talakh V.N. Tales of the Suns: Myths and historical legends of Nahua. - K .: Vidavets Kuprienko S.A., 2014 .-- S. 211. - 382 p. - ISBN 9786177085118 .
- ↑ Manuel Galich. The history of pre-Columbian civilizations . - Thought, 1990 .-- 416 p. - ISBN 9785244004199 .
- ↑ V. Talah. Chronicles of the gods and warriors of Anahuac. The primary sources on the history of Aztec Mexico . - Publishing Solutions, 2018 .-- 569 p. - ISBN 978-5-4493-7678-7 .
- ↑ Material culture and mythology . - L .: Nauka, 1981. - S. 24. - 236 p.
- ↑ Nahuatl Dictionary / Diccionario del náhuatl . Wired Humanities Project . University of Oregon: whp.uoregon.edu (1997). Circulation date May 23, 2019.
- ↑ Richard F Townsend. The Aztecs . - London: Thames and Hudson, 1992 .-- S. 118 .-- ISBN 9780500021132 .
- ↑ 1 2 Toribio Motolinía, Luis García Pimentel, Francisco del Paso y Troncoso, Vicente de P Andrade, José María de Agreda y Sánchez. Memoriales de Fray Toribio de Motolinia: manuscrito de la colección del señor don Joaquín García Icazbalceta . - Méjico ;: En casa del editor;, 1903. - S. 57.
- ↑ 1 2 Durán, Diego; Ramírez, José Fer. nando; Mendoza, Gumesindo; Chavero, Alfredo (). Historia de las Indias de Nueva-España y islas de Tierra Firme. - México: Impr. de JM Andrade y F. Escalante, 1867 .-- S. 74.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Bierhorst, John. History and Mythology of the Aztecs: The Codex Chimalpopoca. - Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1992. - S. 36–37, 148–149. - ISBN 978-0-8165-1886-9 .
- ↑ Tlahuizcalpantecuhtli . Ancient History Encyclopedia. Circulation date May 23, 2019.
- ↑ Quiñones Keber, Eloise. Codex Telleriano-Remensis: Ritual, Divination, and History in a Pictorial Aztec Manuscript. - Austin: University of Texas Press, 1995 .-- pp. 175-176. - ISBN 0-292-76901-6 .