Kurt Agricola ( German: Kurt Agricola ; August 15, 1889 , Döbeln , Saxony - December 27, 1955 , Bad Godesberg (now Bonn district a) - German military commander , military leader, Wehrmacht lieutenant general (1943). War criminal.
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Awards and prizes | German Empire Third Reich |
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Biography
Born in the family of a lieutenant colonel of the Saxon army. In military service since April 1908. In 1909 - lieutenant of the Saxon army.
Member of the First World War. He was an adjutant to the battalion commander. As part of the 3rd Royal Saxon Division, he served on the Western Front . He participated in the Battle of the Marne (1914) , distinguished himself in the Battle of the Somme , for which he was awarded the Knight's Military Order of St. Heinrich of the Kingdom of Saxony .
The end of World War I met with the rank of captain on the Western Front. For differences during the war he was awarded two Iron Crosses of the 1st and 2nd classes, the Saxon Order of Merit with swords, the Order of Albrecht with swords.
After the demobilization of the army left in the Reichswehr . In April 1932 - lieutenant colonel, in July 1934 - colonel. At the end of 1934 - commander of the Breslau infantry regiment. In the years 1935-1937 - commander of the 49th Infantry Regiment. In 1937 he was appointed commander of the service of the 3rd Army Group. Since January 1938 - Major General , commanded the fortified area of Oppeln . He retired in 1938 with the rank of lieutenant general .
After the outbreak of World War II, on September 1, 1939, Agricola was reinstated as commander of Oppeln . He held this position until December 1941.
From December 12, 1941 to August 1, 1943 - the commandant of the rear area (Korück) and the 580th field commandant's office (German: Feldkommandanten 580, FK 580), was responsible for providing supply routes for the army and “appeasing” approximately 37,000 km² of occupied territory USSR, 800 km of railway (including the vital line Kursk - Oryol), 500 km of roads and 320 bridges. He waged a decisive battle with the partisans and their sympathizers, as a result of which, according to official reports, more than 7200 people were killed. Applied repression against the civilian population, in order to terrorize and weaken the partisan movement. Used Soviet collaborators in the anti-partisan struggle. In the area of his responsibility in May - June 1942, a battalion of volunteers from Turkestan was formed - the Turkestan infantry battalion 450, which took part in operations against popular avengers.
At the same time, the governor of Kursk was appointed. For his service as commandant of the rear area (Körück) was awarded the German Cross in gold on December 15, 1943.
From April 18, 1945 he was in the reserve of the Fuhrer (German: die Führer-Reserve). Officer for special assignments reserve of the High Command.
Captured by Soviet troops on May 9, 1945 in Teplice ( Czechoslovakia ). On November 16, 1948, the military tribunal of the troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Kiev region was convicted of war crimes and sentenced to 25 years in a forced labor camp. He served his sentence in the ITL of Karaganda (Kazakhstan) and Vorkuta ( Komi Republic ).
On October 9, 1955, he was transferred to the authorities of the Federal Republic of Germany as a non-amnestied criminal and released. Repatriated to Germany.
Rewards
- Military Order of St. Henry Knight's Cross (January 31, 1917) ( Kingdom of Saxony )
- Order of Merit Knight's Cross 2nd class with swords ( Kingdom of Saxony )
- Order of Albrecht 1st Class Knight's Cross with Swords ( Kingdom of Saxony )
- Iron Cross (1914) 2nd and 1st grade ( Kingdom of Prussia )
- Honorary Cross of the First World War 1914/1918 with swords (1934)
- Buckle to the Iron Cross (1939) 2nd class (April 18, 1942)
- Buckle to the Iron Cross (1939) 1st class (October 7, 1942)
- Medal "For the Winter Campaign in the East 1941/42" (August 15, 1942)
- German Order in Gold (December 15, 1943)
- Order of Merit Commander's Cross (September 9, 1942) ( Kingdom of Hungary )
Literature
- Dermot Bradley]: Die Generale des Heeres 1921-1945. Die militärischen Werdegänge der Generale, sowie der Ärzte, Veterinäre, Intendanten, Richter und Ministerialbeamten im Generalsrang. Band 1: Abberger-Bitthorn. Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück 1993, ISBN 3-7648-2423-9 , S. 23-24. (German)