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Goldstein, Arkady Fedorovich

Goldstein, Arkady Fedorovich (also known as Ariel Golan [1] ; December 10, 1921 , Kherson - December 2, 2007 , Jerusalem ) - Russian and Israeli Caucasus researcher, architecture researcher, writer ; candidate of architecture .

Arkady Fedorovich Goldstein
Ariel Golan
Date of BirthDecember 10, 1921 ( 1921-12-10 )
Place of BirthKherson
Date of deathDecember 2, 2007 ( 2007-12-02 ) (85 years old)
Place of deathJerusalem
A country USSR → Israel
Scientific fieldstudy of architecture
Place of workDagestan State University ,
Research Institute of Theory and History of Architecture and Urban Planning
Academic degreecandidate of architecture
Academic ranksenior researcher
supervisorA. I. Hegello
Known asauthor of The Towers in the Mountains

Content

Biography

Born in Kherson . Member of the Great Patriotic War , reached Hungary , where he was wounded in a battle near the city of Szombathely . He was awarded the medal "For Military Merit" [2] .

In 1951 he graduated from the Faculty of Architecture of the Kharkov Civil Engineering Institute . After that, he worked as an architect in the city of Saratov [3] .

He graduated from graduate school at the Academy of Construction and Architecture of the USSR , the theme of the dissertation was the work of American architect Frank Lloyd Wright [4] . In those same years, Goldstein translated from Wright's English book The Future of Architecture [5] , which was published in 1960 with his comments and a preface written by Goldstein together with A. I. Gegello , his supervisor. Goldstein's monograph on Wright was published in 1973.

In 1959-1969 he taught architecture at the Faculty of Civil Engineering of the Department of Architecture and Building Structures of Dagestan State University [6] . While teaching courses on the basics of design and the history of architecture and urban planning, he developed an interest in the traditional architecture of the Caucasus, to which he devoted his main works [4] [6] . Later, Goldstein became a senior researcher at the Central Research Institute of Theory and History of Architecture [3] .

Arkady Fedorovich is the author of more than sixty printed works [3] , including the popular science book Towers in the Mountains, devoted to the material culture and life of the peoples of the Caucasus , where architectural monuments of the North Caucasus are documented and systematized, many of which are already in the 1960s they were on the verge of extinction, the life and traditions of the peoples of the Caucasus were also described [7] . Due to the fact that local authorities were criticized in the Towers, books were withdrawn from sale in Dagestan [8] .

In the scientific monograph “Medieval Architecture of Chechen-Ingushetia and North Ossetia”, the author attempted to generalize and classify the medieval architecture of these regions, “the author paid great attention to the problems of the genesis of defensive, funerary and religious buildings, to identify the links between local architecture and architecture of neighboring countries, as well as the origin of architectural forms ” [9] . Professor, Doctor of Historical Sciences, archaeologist V. Tmenov Kh. [10] called this work of Goldstein “the first attempt at a comprehensive approach by a professional architect to the subject under study” [9] . In the preface to the book “Medieval Architecture of Chechen-Ingushetia and North Ossetia” Movchan G. Ya. Wrote [11] :

 The work of A. F. Goldstein essentially reveals to us the architecture that has survived here, and he managed to see it - for the first time! - in these few ruined remains, precious material for scientific constructions - I saw in them, as it were, geological strata of successive forms.
... in this work, the author seeks and gives a semantic and historical-architectural justification for the huge number of facts that appeared on the way of his routes through Chechen-Ingushetia and Ossetia. Justifications in most cases are new, often bold. The author searches for and finds the necessary parallels in a very wide area, both geographical and historical, and even - with success - linguistic (terminological analysis). Even single, private architectural or constructive techniques are not left unattended by him. Most of his postulates have to be recognized as apparently correct, like this, now, it’s difficult to argue and in any case interesting, believable, even if prompting further research and verification. Of course, this approach to the topic required the author great insight, ability to guess, scientific wit. All this makes the work truly valuable, original and interesting for all those studying the Caucasus.		 

Many of Goldstein's theses have been and are being criticized, but he is one of the researchers who stood at the origins of a systematic study of monuments in the central and eastern parts of the North Caucasus [9] . Such researchers of the Caucasus turned to his works as: Movchan G. Ya. [12] , Khan-Magomedov C. O. [4] [13] [14] [15] , Shnirelman V.A. [16] , Akhmadov Sh B. B. [17] [18] , V. Khmen [9] Tmenov , M. B. Muzhukhoev [19] and others.

Having examined the area of ​​Central Dagestan, Goldstein published a number of articles and the book “Architectural Monuments of Kaitag” (Makhachkala, 1969), then traveled all over the North Caucasus and published the book “Towers in the Mountains” (Moscow, 1977) [4] , “He was interested in some common problems architecture of this region, in particular tower types of dwellings, ”Khan-Magomedov recalled in his writings [4] . By publishing the book “Towers in the Mountains”, Goldstein defended his doctoral dissertation on the architecture of the North Caucasus, but the Higher Attestation Commission did not approve it because of political issues that were not related to the quality of scientific research [4] .

In 1973, in the city of Alagir , in the mountains of North Ossetia , he conducted field surveys of preserved monuments of folk architecture [6] .

In 1987, Goldstein repatriated to Israel , where he changed his name to "Ariel Golan." Under this name, he published two works on the symbolism of folk ornaments used in traditional architecture and other crafts. According to the author’s theory, elements of ornaments that are repeated or similar in different cultures have common origins dating back to the Stone Age, when they symbolized the deities of the pantheon . The book "Myth and Symbol" contains a huge database of such ornamental symbols [20] , many of which were collected by Goldstein during his travels in the Caucasus. Both books were published in English, “Myth and Symbol” also in Russian. Goldstein’s recent works are cited by the works of foreign and domestic authors in various fields, mainly related to religious studies , anthropology and archeology [1] [21] [22] [23] . Others, recognizing the ideas and data of Goldstein's work as interesting, criticize his scientific methods as obsolete [24] or erroneous [20] .

Manuscripts

The unpublished manuscript of Goldstein’s book “Architecture of the North Caucasus” [25] , on which the author worked between 1960 and 1980, has been preserved. The manuscript is accompanied by photographs taken by the author during trips to the Caucasus, more than five hundred of them. The author managed to transport her to Israel after his departure from the USSR .

Khan-Magomedov C. O. mentions [4] about the manuscript " Kumyk architecture" prepared for publication, but never published. Her whereabouts, as well as the fate of other unpublished Goldstein materials, are currently unknown.

Publications

Books

In Russian
  • A. Goldstein, “Production Culture and Aesthetics of Labor”: From the Experience of Mechanical Engineering. enterprises. - il. - M .: " Engineering ", 1968. - 103 p.
  • Goldstein A. F. “Illustrations to the course of architecture for the specialty of ASG ”. - pic - Makhachkala , 1966 .-- 106 p.
  • Goldstein A. F. "Architectural monuments of Kaitag ." - a-il. - Makhachkala : “Dagknigizdat”, 1969. - 31 p. - 1,000 copies.
  • Goldstein A. F. " Frank Lloyd Wright " / Scientific. ed. - Dr. arch. S. O. Khan-Magomedov . - il. - B. c. - M .: Stroyizdat , 1973. - 136 p.
  • A.F. Goldstein. “Medieval Architecture of Chechen-Ingushetia and North Ossetia ” / Central Scientific Research Institute of Theory and History of Architecture . - il. - M .: “ Science ”, “ Main Edition of Oriental Literature ”, 1975. - 57 p. - 10,000 copies.
  • Goldstein A. F. "Towers in the mountains . " - M .: Soviet artist , 1977 .-- 334 p. - 37,000 copies.
  • Goldstein A. F. “Architecture: a book for high school students” / Ed. Yu. S. Yaralova . - ill., Ph. - M .: Education , 1979.- 445 p. - 100,000 copies.
  • Golan A. "Myth and Symbol." - 2nd, ill. - M., Jerusalem : “Ruslit”, Tarbut , 1994. - 371 p.
In other languages
  • Ariel Golan. “Myth and symbol: symbolism in prehistoric religions” = “Myth and symbol: symbolism in prehistoric religions” (English) . - " ", 1991. - ISBN 978-9652222459 .
  • Ariel Golan. “Prehistoric religion: mythology, symbolism” = “Prehistoric religion: mythology, symbolism” (English) . - 2003. - ISBN 978-9659055500 .

Articles

In Russian
  • Goldstein A. F. "Tower structures of mountain Dagestan." Architectural heritage. Sat 23, M., 1975.
  • Goldstein A. F. "Genetic relations of the Dagestan long-plan home." On Sat "Architecture of Dagestan." Makhachkala, 1974.
  • Goldstein A. F. “Roads and bridges of old Dagestan”. On Sat "Architecture of Dagestan." Makhachkala, 1975.
  • Goldstein A. F. "Residential building in the folk architecture of the Kumyks." SNA DSU , vol. I. Makhachkala, 1967.
  • Goldstein A. F. , Gadzhieva S. Sh. “Dwelling of the Dagestan Terkemenites of the 19th – early 20th centuries” (Russian) : DES . - Makhachkala, 1974. - Issue. I. - S. 45–69 .
  • Goldstein A. F., Gadzhieva S. Sh. "From the history of the home of the Dagestan Nogai." UZIYAL , t. XX, series total. sciences. Makhachkala, 1970.
  • Goldstein A. F. "On the typology of the Dagestan dwelling." On Sat "Architecture of Dagestan." Makhachkala, 1974.
  • Goldstein A. F. “Grave steles of Dagestan”. In the book. "Dagestan Art Studies", vol. I. Makhachkala, 1977.
  • Goldstein A. F. "On the style of the architectural ornament of Dagestan." GMINV , vol. VI. M., 1972.
  • Goldstein A. F. “Planning and development of Dagestan villages”. SNA DSU , vol. III. Makhachkala, 1969.
  • Goldstein A. F. “Planning and fortification of the mountain villages of Chechen-Ingushetia and North Ossetia”. Architectural heritage. Sat 25, M., 1976.
  • Goldstein A. F. "The prototype of the shape of the ionic capital in the art of Iran, the Caucasus and the Eastern Mediterranean." In the book. "Art and Archeology of Iran." 2nd All-Union Conference. GMINV , M., 1976.
  • Goldstein A. F. “Peculiar types of layouts of the Dagestan dwelling”: Sat. - M .: Architectural heritage, 1975. - No. 23 .
  • Goldstein A. F. “Log houses of housing construction in the upland Dagestan of the XV — XVIII centuries”. On Sat "Architecture of Dagestan." Makhachkala, 1974.
  • Goldstein A. F. "Traditional construction equipment in Dagestan architecture": SNA . - Makhachkala: DGU , 1969. - Issue. III .
  • Goldstein A.F. “Semantics of the symbol of the cross in the ancient cultures of the Near East and the Caucasus”: [ Russian ] . - In: “The Art and Archeology of Iran and its Connection with the Art of the Peoples of the USSR since Ancient Times” [Text]: Sat. // Thesis. doc. : Prince / Ans. ed. P.M. Polikarpova . - M .: " Soviet artist ", 1979. - Vol. III All-Union. conf. - S. 30, 31 .-- 96 s.

Abstracts of dissertations

  • “Goldstein A.F. Specificity and Genesis of the Architecture of Dagestan, Chechen-Ingushetia and North Ossetia of the XII-XIV Centuries”: Abstract dis. for a job. learned. Degrees of Doctor of Architecture: (18.00.01) / Center. scientific researcher Institute of Theory and History of Architecture . M., 1977.
  • “Goldstein A. F. Theory and practice of“ Organic Architecture “(On the example of the work of F. L. Wright)”: Abstract dis. for the study of scholars. degrees of cand. arch. (No. 840) / Cargo. Polytechnic institute Tbilisi , 1969.
  • "Goldstein A. F. Theoretical views of the architect Wright": Abstract dis. for the study of scholars. degrees of cand. arch-ry / Arch. A. F. Goldstein; Academy of Construction and Architecture of the USSR . Research Institute of Theory and History of Architecture and Builds. technicians. M., 1959.

See also

  • Vovnushki
  • Dzivgis
  • Dzivgis Cave Castles
  • Ingush architecture
  • Ingush towers
  • Ingush shrines and temples

Notes

  1. ↑ 1 2 Musaev, Timur Abdulzagirovich . “Semantics of cult images in the ancient and medieval culture of mountain Dagestan" [Electronic resource]: [ Russian ] // abstract of a dissertation on history . - Makhachkala , 2004.
  2. ↑ Archival documents on awarding - on the website “ Feat of the People ”.
  3. ↑ 1 2 3 Abstract of A. Goldstein’s book “Towers in the Mountains” (Russian) (HTML). www.books.totalarch.com . Soviet artist .
  4. ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Khan-Magomedov S. O. Issue 1. “Rutul architecture. Based on materials from the 1952 expedition ” // “ Architecture of Dagestan ”: In 8 issues . - il. - M .: MAPS , Rook, 1998. - 365 p. - ISBN 5-7068-0105-3 .
  5. ↑ Frank Lloyd Wright . “The future of architecture” = The future of architecture / Per. from English Goldstein A.F., ed. Hegello A.I. - M., New York : State Construction Publishing House , Horizon Press, 1960. - 248 p.
  6. ↑ 1 2 3 Besolov V. B. “An outstanding Russian scientist, citizen and patriot - academician of architecture, Selim Omarovich Khan-Magomedov” (Russian) . - Bulletin of the Institute of IAE , 2012. - T. 2 , no. 29 , No. 1 . - S. 84, 93 . - DOI : 10.32653 .
  7. ↑ C. Kitabov. “A Word About the Book - A. Goldstein Towers in the Mountains” (Russian) (HTML). www.serdalo.ru . "Angry" is a nationwide. gas. rep. Ingushetia (10/04/2018). - Review of the book. Circulation date May 23, 2019.
  8. ↑ Vladimir Sevrinovsky. “Interview with Zarema Dadaeva, Director of the Museum of the History of the City of Makhachkala” (Russian) (HTML). www.etokavkaz.ru . “This is the Caucasus” - the information and educational multimedia portal of the TASS agency about the Russian Caucasus (11.5.2017). - Description of the exhibitions. Circulation date May 10, 2019.
  9. ↑ 1 2 3 4 Tmenov V. Kh. “Architecture of medieval Ossetia” / North Ossetian Institute for Humanitarian Research . - "Vladikavkaz": RIPP them. V.A. Gassieva, 1995 .-- 437 p. - 2000 copies.
  10. ↑ L. Chibirov , G. Kertseva . "I would like to say a lot ..." . On the occasion of the 75th birthday of scientist-historian V. Tmenov Kh. (Russian) (HTML) . www.sevosetia.ru . Republican daily newspaper " North Ossetia " (03.21.2019) . Circulation date May 10, 2019.
  11. ↑ Movchan G. Ya. Preface to the book of Goldstein A. F. “Medieval Architecture of Chechen-Ingushetia and North Ossetia” .
  12. ↑ Movchan G. Ya. “ The old avar house in the mountains of Daghestan and its destiny”: Based on materials of the author Surveys 1945 - 1964 - col. silt - M .: DMK Press, 2001. - 527 p. - ISBN 5-94074-118-5 .
  13. ↑ Khan-Magomedov S. O. Issue 2. “Tsakhur architecture” // “Architecture of Dagestan”: In 8 issues . - il. - M .: MAPS , Rook, 1999. - 244 p. - ISBN 5-7068-0105-3 .
  14. ↑ Khan-Magomedov S.O. Issue 4. “Agulian architecture. Based on materials from the 1950 expedition ” // “ Architecture of Dagestan ”: In 8 issues . - il. - M .: MAPS , Rook, 2001. - 356 p. - ISBN 5-7068-0105-3 .
  15. ↑ Khan-Magomedov S. O. Issue 6. “Lak architecture” // “Architecture of Dagestan”: In 8 issues. - il. - M .: MAPS , "Architecture-S", 2005. - 352 p. - ISBN 5-9647-0028-4 .
  16. ↑ Shnirelman V.A. “To be Alans. Intellectuals and Politics in the North Caucasus in the 20th Century ” / Ed. series I. Kalinin. - M .: " New Literary Review ", 2006. - 696 p. - (The library of the journal “The Safe Reserve” / RAS , Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology imeni N. N. Miklukho-Maklaya RAS ) (New Literary Review. Cultural Studies. History. Political Science)). - 1,500 copies - ISBN 5-86793-406-3 .
  17. ↑ Akhmadov Sh. B. “Chechnya and Ingushetia in the 17th - early 19th centuries” (Essays on the history of socio-economic development and the socio-political structure of Chechnya and Ingushetia in the 17th - early 19th centuries). Monograph / Dr. Philos. sciences, prof. A. D. Yandarov. - Elista : APP "Dzhangar", 2002. - 528 p. - ISBN 5-94587-072-3 .
  18. ↑ Sh. B. Akhmadov , D.S. Kidirniyazov . “From the history of the material culture of Chechens in the 18th century: architectural monuments” [Electronic resource]: [ Russian ] . - V: Bulletin of the KIGI RAS (Abstract) // Vestn. RAS : monthly. scientific journal / Chap. Ed .: Cand. filol. Sciences V.V. Kukanova. - Elista : KIGI RAS , 2016. - Vol. 24, No. 2. - S. 74-80. - 197 p. - Stb. 2. - 2 stb. - 300 copies. - UDC . - ISBN 5-94587-072-3 . - ISSN 2075-7794 . - DOI : 10.22162 / 2075-7794-2016-24-2-2-74-80 .
  19. ↑ Muzhukhoev M. B. "Medieval cult monuments of the Central Caucasus": (On the history of religious beliefs in the 10th-19th centuries) . - il. - Terrible : Chech.-Ing. polygraph. Obnion " Book ", 1989. - 220 p. - ISBN 5-7666-0270-7 .
  20. ↑ 1 2 . “Book Notes” = “Review of A. Golan's book“ Myth and Symbol “” (English) (PDF). 149. (Jan., 1994). - Vol. 74 (Page Scan). Circulation date May 10, 2019.
  21. ↑ Anning Jing. " Water Temple of the God of Guangsheng Monastery" = "The Water God's Temple of the Guangsheng Monastery." Cosmic Function of Art, Ritual, and Theater = Cosmic Function of Art, Ritual and Theater. - il. - Leiden , Boston , Köln : , 2002. - 294 p. - ISBN 9004119256 . - ISBN 9789004119253 .
  22. ↑ Theresa Bane (Theresa Bane). Encyclopedia of Vampire Mythology = Encyclopedia of Vampire Mythology. - il. - Lefferson, North Carolina , and London : , 2017. - 207 p. - (Academic & Nonfiction Books anthology). - ISBN 0786444525 . - ISBN 978-0786444526 .
  23. ↑ Szücs-Csillik Iharka, Zoia Maxim. “Divine Bull from Parta” = “The Divine Bulll From Parta” / Timisoara Western University . - Szeged : “JATEPress Kiadó”, “Arheovest”, 2016. - ISBN 978-963-315-310-9 . - ISBN 978-963-315-312-3 .
  24. ↑ Ilia V. Palaguta. “Prehistoric ornament: possible lines of research and aspects for interpretation, as suggested by the analysis of ceramics in Tripoli-Cucuteni” // “Sprawozdania Archeologiczne” = Eng. “Looking for the semantic basis of the Tripolye-Cucuteni ornamentation: the centenary of research” / Polish. Instytut archeologii i etnologii PAN . - 68. - kraków : Polish. “Library of the Institute of Archeology and Ethnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences” , 2016. - S. 65-80 (70). - 446 p. - ISBN (PL ISSN): 0081-3834. - DOI : 10.23858 / SA68.2016.004 .
  25. ↑ Mentioning of the manuscript of the book - David Dektor's blog.

Links

  • Foreword to The Towers in the Mountains
  • Foreword to Frank Lloyd Wright
Source - https://ru.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title= Goldstein ,_Arkady_Fyodorovich&oldid = 100174398


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