Clara Pollaczek ( English Clara Pollaczek , full name Clara Katharina Pollaczek , née Loeb ( Löb ); 1875 - 1951 ) is an Austrian writer, some of her works are signed with the pseudonyms Bob and Bob Béol . [one]
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| Spouse | Otto Pollachek |
| Children | Sons Henry and Karl |
She is also known in literature because of her relationship with Arthur Schnitzler , whose life partner she became from 1923 until his death in 1931.
Content
- 1 Biography
- 1.1 Family
- 2 Literature
- 3 notes
- 4 References
Biography
Born January 15, 1875 in Vienna in the Jewish family of the banker Louis Loeb ( Louis Loeb , 1843-1928), where she grew up with her two brothers Alfred and Otto, as well as sister Anna. Received initial home education, often spent the summer with the whole family in Bad Ischl .
Gifted and educated, Clara began writing at age 19, signing with male pseudonyms. In April 1897, her first work , Mimi., Appeared in the literary journal . Schattenbilder aus einem Mädchenleben . " On May 10, 1898, she married in the synagogue of for Otto Pollaczek , who was born in Prague and became the heir to the largest leather wholesaler. In 1899, their first son was born - Herman Erich, in 1902 the second - Karl Friedrich. The family lived in Vienna in their own house on Blumauergasse street. Clara’s marriage was not happy - Pollachek soon cheated on her during her second pregnancy, going on vacation with her lover. In 1907, his company faced financial difficulties, and Otto Pollachek committed suicide on April 17, 1908. Clara left his home with her parents, left without income with a small cash reserve.
After World War I, the financial situation of the family worsened. She had to sell her jewelry and leave her parents' house, which was subsequently sold in 1928. She lived in a hotel for a while before moving to a small apartment in Vienna's eighteenth district. To support the family, in 1924 she returned to writing, also working as a translator. In 1920-1930, she published short stories, short stories, and poems in the prestigious daily newspaper Neue Freie Presse ; wrote several novels, acquiring a large number of readers devoted to her.
After the Anschluss, Clara Pollachek was subjected to anti-Semitic persecution. Perhaps she was helped to survive by a Czechoslovak passport obtained as a result of marriage to Otto Pollachek. Two after the occupation of Austria, she moved to Prague , where she lived until Germany occupied this country. Pollachek moved to friends in Switzerland , where, having financial support from relatives, she remained until the end of World War II . In 1945, she joined her son Karl, who lived with his family in England . Her brother Otto Loeb organized the return of Clara to Vienna in 1948.
Clara Pollachek fell ill and was no longer able to resume her literary career. Many of her colleagues, with whom she worked until 1938, died or emigrated from the country. She died on July 22, 1951 in Vienna and was buried among other honorary citizens of the city at the Sieveringer Friedhof interfaith cemetery. [2]
Family
- Her youngest son, Karl Pollachek, who worked as a doctor, was arrested by the Gestapo in 1938. After his release, he fled with his wife and daughter to Switzerland, and from there to the UK. In 1982, in his autobiography, Two halves of a Life, he described the story of his family and the life of his mother during World War II . The eldest son German emigrated in 1931 through Hamburg to Argentina .
- Sister Anna also had a literary career, but with less success. She died in the concentration camp Theresienstadt . Clara Otto's brother became a lawyer and lived in Vienna . He survived the years of Nazism, due to his outstanding military service during the First World War . He was engaged in legal practice as a “counselor and legal adviser for Jews.” Her other brother, Alfred, became an artist , was a member of the association. In 1939 he lived in London , died in 1945 in a monastery.
Literature
- Stephan Kurz . Im Schatten Schnitzlers. Leben und Werk von Clara Katharina Pollaczek (1875–1951). Böhlau, Wien 2012, ISBN 978-3-205-78746-4 .
- Renate Wagner . Der fünfte Akt. Clara Katharina Pollaczek. in dies .: Frauen um Arthur Schnitzler. Verlag Jugend und Volk, Wien / München 1980, ISBN 3-7141-7102-9 .