Gotteszell Monastery [2] [3] [4] ( German: Kloster Gotteszell ) - the former male Cistercian abbey , located in the Bavarian community of Gotteszell ( Lower Bavaria ) and belonging to the diocese of Regensburg ; The monastery was founded in 1285 by Heinrich von Pfelling and dissolved in 1803 during secularization in Bavaria .
| Monastery | |
| Gotteszell Monastery | |
|---|---|
| him. Kloster gotteszell | |
| A country |  Germany |
| Location | |
| Established | |
| Date of Abolition | |
Content
History and Description
The Gotteszell Monastery, dedicated to the Virgin Mary and St. Anne , was founded in 1285 by Heinrich von Pfelling as a branch of the Aldersbach Monastery ; Henry gave the monastery his estate in Axlach . The creation of the new monastery received official approval in 1286 from the brother-in-law of Heinrich, Bishop of Regensburg, Henry II von Rotteneg. Gotteszell received significant donations from several Bavarian princes at once - Ludwig III , Stephen I and Otto III - who gave the monastery both a local castle and the Rumansfelden fair community . In 1320, the monastery was elevated to the rank of abbey : the first abbot was abbot Berthold. In 1339, construction began (expansion) of the monastery church dedicated to the Virgin. In 1345, Emperor Ludwig IV presented the monastery with a document certifying its independence from local authorities.
In subsequent years, Gotteszell became a center for the worship of St. Anne, whose cult was used in Germany in the 15th century. In the same XV century the period of decline began in the monastery - at the end of the century only one monk lived in it. The following abbots - Ahatiy Einspeck (1596-1611) and Michael Kessler (1611-1638) - managed to get the monastery out of the crisis. However, during the Thirty Years War , in 1629, a fire caused significant damage to both the church and the monastery buildings. Then, in 1633-1634, Swedish troops invaded Gotteszell: Protestant soldiers captured the abbot, tortured him and mutilated him. In 1641, Swedish soldiers again briefly occupied the monastery.
In the subsequent period, which began with the reign of Abbot Gerhard Höger, the monastery in Gotteszell became widely known: the natural sciences , philosophy and theology began to develop within its walls. In 1729, during the abbot Wilhelm II Grafsturme, the cathedral church was decorated with stucco and frescoes , and on the eastern wall appeared the work "Assumption of the Virgin Mary" by the artist Cosmas Damian Azam . William's successors actively opposed the anti-monastic policies of the Bavarian government. During secularization in the region, on March 24, 1803, the monastery was dissolved. The former abbey church was re-consecrated and became a parish church , and a local elementary school was created in the former monastery premises and the home of the local pastor appeared. The dilapidated parts of the monastery were demolished, and the rest of the buildings passed into private ownership. The story “Der Prälatenschatz” (“Treasure of the Prelate”, 1895) by the popular writer Maximilian Schmidt takes place in the former Gotteszell Monastery - the plot is associated with treasures hidden during the dissolution of the monastery.
Parish Church of St. Anne
The former monastery church - the current parish church of St. Anne - is a three-nave basilica without a transept , built around 1339. After the fire that occurred on March 24, 1629, its reconstruction began, which was repeatedly interrupted by military events. The change of church decoration from 1889 eliminated the baroque details of its interior. The fresco "Assumption of the Virgin Mary" was reopened to the public only in 1940.
See also
- Fürstenfeld Monastery ( Upper Bavaria )
- Fürstenzell Monastery
- Langheim Monastery
Notes
- ↑ archINFORM - 1994.
- ↑ N. Maisky. Travel Guide N. Maiskago: South Germany, Tyrol, Northern Italy, Austria, Styria, Carinthia, Carniolia, Bohemia, Moravia, Krakow, Ofen Buda and Pest, Switzerland . - in the printing house of N. Tivlen and Comp., 1865. - T. II. - S. 17. - 450 p.
- ↑ Marfa Vyacheslavovna Schepkina, Ivan Duychev. 14th Century Bulgarian Miniature: A Study of the Psalms of Tomich . - Art, 1963. - S. 126. - 258 p.
- ↑ E. N. Dobrynin. Ancient Russian art: the art of a manuscript book, Byzantium, Ancient Russia . - Dmitry Bulanin, 2004 .-- S. 319. - 488 p.
Literature
- Bauer, Hermann und Anna: Klöster in Bayern. Eine Kunst- und Kulturgeschichte, München 1985, S. 198-199;
- Eberl, Anton: Geschichte des ehemaligen Zisterzienserklosters Gotteszell im bayerischen Wald, Deggendorf 1935;
- Hartig, Michael: Die niederbayerischen Stifte - mächtige Förderer deutscher Kunst, München 1939, S. 168-176;
- Krausen, Edgar: Die Klöster des Zisterzienserordens in Bayern (Bayerische Heimatforschung, Heft 7), München 1953, S. 45–47;
- Münster, Robert: Zur Musikpflege in der Zisterzienserabtei Gotteszell im 18. Jahrhundert, in: Kirchenmusikalisches Jahrbuch 84 (2000), S. 101-110;
- Scheglmann, Alfons Maria: Geschichte der Säkularisation im rechtsrheinischen Bayern, Bd. 3/2, München 1906, S. 96-114;
- Schosser, Fritz: Gotteszell, (Schnell & Steiner, Kleine Kunstführer, Nr. 738), Regensburg, 1988.
Links
- Manfred Knedlik. Gotteszell - Zisterze im Regental (German) . hdbg.eu. Klöster in Bayern, Haus der Bayerischen Geschichte . Date of treatment April 22, 2019.