Julian Hochfeld ( Polish. Julian Hochfeld ; August 16, 1911 , Rzeszow , Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria - July 21, 1966 , Paris , France ) - Polish social Marxist philosopher, public and political figure. Professor of the Warsaw University , a member of the Krajowa Rada Narodova , a deputy of the Legislative Sejm and the Sejm of the NDP of the first and second convocations, a member of the PUWP Central Committee . Deputy Director of the Paris Department of Social Sciences of UNESCO since 1962.
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Biography
While studying in 1930–1934 at the law faculty of the Jagiellonian University, he joined the left movement as an activist of the Union of Independent Socialist Youth (ZNMS) and the Polish Socialist Party (PPS). In his student years he was the editor of the socialist youth magazine “Płomienie” and co-authored the program publication “Socialist”, published under the title “Economics, politics, tactics, organization of socialism”.
After education in Krakow, he continued his studies at the Paris School of Political Science . Returning to Poland, he became one of the editors of the magazine "Dziennik Popularny", associated with the Communist Party of Poland . At the same time, he continued his scientific career, having received his doctorate in political economy and statistics at Yagellonian University in 1937.
He spent the war years first in the Soviet Union, then in the ranks of the 2nd Polish Corps in the Middle East and finally in London, from where he returned to his homeland in 1945, where he became a member of the Central Executive Committee of the restored PPP, chairman of the Parliamentary Union of Polish Socialists, editor of the journal Przegląd Socjalistyczny (Socialist Review) and Robotnik, director of the publishing cooperative Wiedza, and also for some time deputy chairman of the Central Planning Bureau. He did not stop writing a lot: in a collection of articles from this period (1945–1946) collected in the book We the Socialists, he discussed the role of Marxism in Polish science and socialist humanism.
The political purge of the ranks of the PPS in 1948 marked the transition of Hochfeld to the PORP (in 1948-1954 he was a candidate member of the Central Committee). As a professor at the Central School of Planning and Statistics and at the Main School of the Foreign Service, he taught social development theory, and then dialectical and historical materialism. In 1951, he headed the department of historical materialism at the University of Warsaw, where he initiated it in 1952-1956. group studies on the formation of the working class in Poland and its class consciousness. They became one of the few empirical sociological studies in these years, not only in Poland, but also in general in the countries of the Eastern bloc.
During the events of the Polish October 1956, he firmly defended the democratization line. In 1957-1958 he was deputy chairman of the PUWP Deputies Club. He dealt with the role of parliamentarism in the political system of Poland and the development of democratic self-government in the system of local government; He turned to the traditions of Polish socialist thought (including Rosa Luxemburg and Kazimierz Kelles-Krausz ), in which he saw a counterbalance to the ideological deformations of Stalinism.
In 1957-1959, Hochfeld led the Polish Institute of International Relations. Before leaving for Paris in 1957–1962, he was engaged in the Marxist theory of society and the sociology of politics, the development of which in the NDP was made possible thanks to the initiatives of Hochfeld. In 1957, he created the Department of Sociology of Political Relations at the University of Warsaw and began to edit Studia Socjologiczno-Polityczne (Sociological and Political Studies), the only specialized journal in this field in the countries of people's democracy. In its last period of life - 1962-1966. - was deputy director of the UNESCO Department of Social Sciences in Paris, before he died of a heart attack.
Major Works
- Studia o marksowskiej teorii społeczeństwa, 1963
- Marksizm, socjologia, socjalizm. Wybór pism, 1982
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 National Library of Australia - 1960.
- ↑ 1 2 Swartz A. Open Library - 2005.
- ↑ 1 2 Faceted Application of Subject Terminology