Siroj Hakim

Early years

He was born on October 23, 1877 in the capital of the Bukhara Emirate - Bukhara , in a wealthy family of merchants . His father was a major Bukhara merchant and changed - Khoji Mirzo Abdurauf. From the age of five, he began studying at the Bukhara madrasah , where he was taught religious and secular sciences and knowledge. During his studies, he fully mastered the religious and some secular sciences, was fluent in the Persian language . For two years, his father hired a separate Persian language teacher for his son. With this teacher, he improved his knowledge of this language, mastered Persian writing, studied Persian books on ethics, culture and history. At the same time, he also studied the Arabic language , and fully mastered it.

After some time, the father of Sirojiddin began to attract and teach him his work. He arranged Sirojiddin in one of the change shops, where he received a small salary. At the same time, he did not drop out of school, and began to learn Russian with a separate teacher, who was hired by his father. For six months of intensive studies, he mastered the Russian language, and learned to read and write in Russian Cyrillic . After that, he studied French for a little over six months, also with a personal teacher. At this time, he began his own business, and was engaged in the resale of cotton . He liked to communicate with merchants and travelers who told him about the countries and cities of Europe , the Russian Empire , the Ottoman Empire , Imperial Iran and other countries. He was eager to make a trip to these countries.

Beginning of an Independent Life and First Journey

In 1902, at the age of 25, he persuaded his father to let him go on a trip to Europe. He left his native Bukhara on June 5, 1902 , and through the Caspian (Khazar) sea came to the Caucasus , and from there to the Ottoman Empire . In the Ottoman Empire, he board a ship, and through the Black Sea reaches the Bulgarian Principality , visits its capital - Sofia . Then he goes to the Kingdom of Serbia , visits Belgrade , and from there goes north to Budapest , to Austria-Hungary . Visited Vienna , Berlin - the capital of the German Empire . From Germany goes to the French Republic , and visits Paris . Then through the English Channel enters Britain , visits London . After London, he returns home, and on his way visits Warsaw - the capital of the Polish kingdom . After that, he visits Moscow , and in January 1903 he returns to Bukhara. As Sirojiddin Hakim himself wrote, this first journey made a deep impression on him, which completely changed his worldview.

Second Journey

A month after returning, he sets off on his second trip. This time south and southwest. In February 1903 he left Bukhara. On the way, he visits Merv , and after a while he gets to Khorasan , on the territory of the Imperial State of Iran , where the Qajar dynasty then ruled. He visits Mashhad , Nishapur , Tus , and stops for seven months in Nishapur . Then he enters the Tehran College of Medicine (now Tehran Medical University) . After graduating from Tehran College, he worked in the same college as a teacher and as a doctor in one of the Tehran hospitals. At this time, he becomes a fairly well-known person, and he is known as a doctor and experienced traveler with a broad worldview. In Iran, he becomes known by the name of “Dr. Mir Khan,” and Habibullah Khan , the then emir of Afghanistan , learns about him, and in Afghanistan he becomes known as “Dr. Sabir.” He preferred European medicine, and often ignored traditional medicine, which was more common in the then Iran, Afghanistan and Central Asia.

In June 1905 he returned to Bukhara. On the way back he visits Herat , Bamian , Mazar-i-Sharif , Balkh , and crosses the Amu Darya River to Termez , and from there returns to Nasaf through Bukhara.

A month after returning to Bukhara, he finds himself involved in a conflict of several parties, which flared up through the fault of merchants and close associates of the Afghan emir Khabibullah Khan . Then the Emirate of Bukhara and the Emirate of Afghanistan were allies, and this conflict almost led to a deterioration in relations between the emirates, and Sirojiddin began to be persecuted. He leaves Bukhara and the emirate, and begins his third, last wandering. He goes to Europe and enters the medical faculty of the University of Bern in Switzerland , believing that his knowledge is insufficient for a full-fledged work in the field of medicine.

In 1909, he finally returned to Bukhara , and opened his own private hospital, where there were modern medical instruments and equipment imported from Europe for that time. In a short time, his hospital became very popular among Bukhara residents. Patients came to his hospital outside Bukhara. He wrote several books and works. One of his famous works is “Tukhfai ahli Bukhoro” ( Gift to the inhabitants of Bukhara ), where he talked about his travels, about the countries and cities he visited, about the culture and customs of these countries. This book also tells the story, socio-political, economic and cultural events in Iran, Afghanistan, India and Europe. He wrote poetry, was fond of poetry . He mainly wrote poetry in Persian (Tajik) and Uzbek . He mainly wrote in the genres of Qasid , Muhammas , Rubai and gazelle . He wrote over 200 poems, which were combined into two collections. Manuscripts of these verses and collections, as well as “Tuhfai ahli Bukhoro” are stored in the collection of the Tashkent Institute of Oriental Studies .

Sirojiddin Hakim died of tuberculosis on January 17, 1914 in Bukhara, at the age of 36. He was fluent in Persian , Uzbek , Arabic , French , German and Russian .

• Sirozh Kakim / National Encyclopedia of Uzbekistan / Tashkent, 2000-2005.
• Nizomiddinov I., Sayölarning ezganlari, T., 1960.