Finnmark [3] ( obsolete Finmarken , Nor. and fin. Finnmark , S. Samsk. Finnmárku ) is the northernmost and largest administrative-territorial unit ( fülke ) of the Kingdom of Norway . The administrative center is the city of Vadsø .
| fülke | |||||
| Finnmark | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Norwegian and fin. Finnmark , S. Samsk. Finnmárku | |||||
| |||||
| A country | Norway | ||||
| Included in | Northern Norway | ||||
| Includes | 19 communes | ||||
| Adm. Centre | Vadsø | ||||
| Chairman of the board | Kirsty Saxxy ( SV ) | ||||
| County governor | Gunnar Chengye | ||||
| History and Geography | |||||
| Square | 48 631 [1] km² (1st place ) | ||||
| Timezone | CET ( UTC + 1 , summer UTC + 2 ) | ||||
| Population | |||||
| Population | 74 534 [2] inhabitants pers. ( 2013 ) ( 19th place ) | ||||
| Density | 1.53 people / km² (19th place) | ||||
| Digital identifiers | |||||
| ISO 3166-2 Code | NO-20 | ||||
| Official site | |||||
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![Coat of arms [d]](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Finnmark_v%C3%A5pen.svg/90px-Finnmark_v%C3%A5pen.svg.png)
Content
Geography
The Finnmark region is entirely located beyond the Arctic Circle , washed by the waters of the Barents Sea . The coastline is indented by fjords , the largest of which are the Varanger Fjord , the Porsanger Fjord and the Luxe Fjord . The area of the region is 48 631 km² (more than Denmark ). About 36% of the territory is occupied by the Finmarken plateau, and the largest lake in the region is Jiesjävavre (68 km²) [4] .
Finnmark borders Troms County in the west, Finland in the south and the Murmansk region of the Russian Federation in the east (the total length of the border with Russia is 219.1 km). Here is the only border crossing between Russia and Norway: Borisoglebsky - Storskog ( Norwegian Storskog ).
Climate
Finnmark's climate is subarctic , generally harsh, but largely mitigated by the influence of the warm Gulf Stream .
History
The territory of Finnmark has long been the habitat of Sami tribes. The Novgorod-Norwegian treaty of 1326 somewhat delimited the taxation of these lands between the Novgorod Republic and Norway. At the beginning of the XVIII century, the region became completely Norwegian.
After the colonization of lands inhabited by Sami, by a number of European powers - Denmark , Norway , Sweden and Russia - began, these people suffered greatly from excessive taxation, and on the territory of Norway - from the forced assimilation policy of the authorities. The human rights situation only improved markedly in the 1990s, when the Sami language and culture finally gained recognition.
Population
The population density in the region is the lowest in Norway - only 1.53 people / km². The population is 74,534 people (1.6% of the population of Norway). For comparison, 771 thousand people live in the Murmansk region of the Russian Federation. The main population - Norwegians (about 70%) - the descendants of the settlers of the XIV-XIX centuries. However, a significant share in the region’s population (about 24%) is still made up of Sami, whose language is recognized as official in several regions of their compact residence. The region is also home to Finns (descendants of immigrants from the beginning of the 20th century) and a significant number of Russians and Russian citizens who arrived in significant numbers in the region (especially to the border town of Kirkenes ) in the 1990s, mainly for economic cooperation. Russian is becoming increasingly popular as a foreign language in Finnmark schools.
The state language is Norwegian , the official language is also the Sami language .
Administrative division
The province consists of 19 municipalities .
| Municipalities of Finnmark | |
|---|---|
| Key | |
| |
Economics and Prospects
The economy of the region is mainly based on activities that are somehow related to the sea and mining.
See also
- Kola Norwegians
Notes
- ↑ Statistical Yearbook of Norway 2012, Table 19: Total area, distribution of area and length of coastline, by county. 2011 (English) . Statistics Norway ( Statistisk sentralbyrå ). Date of treatment September 3, 2013.
- ↑ Statistics Norway
- ↑ La oss snakke norsk. Transliteration . Date of treatment July 11, 2011. Archived on February 28, 2012.
- ↑ Iešjávri (Norwegian) . Store norske leksikon (February 14, 2009). Date of treatment March 24, 2014. Archived March 25, 2014.
Links
- Finnmark Administration (Norwegian )
- Finnmark on the Official Tourism Portal for Norway www.visitnorway.ru