Gokhshtein, David Petrovich

Since 1920, he worked as a laboratory assistant at the Kordelevsky sugar factory, then as a worker at the sugar factory in Odessa. In 1928 he graduated from the Energy Department of Odessa Industrial Institute , from 1929 he worked as an assistant there and in 1931 he began working at the Department of General Heat Engineering created by Professor S. D. Levenson . Summaries of his lectures on thermodynamics were published in 1932 and 1934. In 1936, under the leadership of S. D. Levenson, he defended his dissertation at the Moscow Power Engineering Institute on the topic “Investigation of Isodiabatic Processes of Ideal Gases”, after which he was appointed assistant professor of the department. In 1939, at the Moscow Power Engineering Institute, he defended his dissertation of a doctor of technical sciences on the topic “Problems of Thermodynamics of Binary Cycles”, becoming a professor and head of this department, as well as dean of the faculty of heat engineering. In 1939 he joined the Commission on Technical Thermodynamics, formed at the Energy Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences. From 1941 to 1945, he was evacuated with the institute, was the head of the department of heat engineering of the Tashkent Textile Institute ^[1] .

Since 1945 - again head of the Department of Theoretical Foundations of Thermophysics, Odessa Polytechnic Institute ^[2] . At the height of the campaign against cosmopolitanism in 1949, he was dismissed from the institute with the charge of “underestimating Russian Soviet scientists” in his scientific works. In 1950 he was accepted by the head of the department of heat engineering at the Odessa flour mill named after IV Stalin ^[3] . The subject of research of the department headed by him was nuclear power for submarines and a large number of contracts with enterprises of the military-technical complex allowed in 1963 to transform the Milling Institute into the Odessa Technological Institute named after MV Lomonosov and organize a new thermophysical faculty, where D. P. Gokhshtein founded and headed the Department of Engineering Thermophysics ^[4] . In addition to the thermodynamics of energy systems, the department began research on the thermophysical properties of substances, which were headed by a student of the founder of this direction, Y. Z. Kazavchinsky P. M. Kesselman . In 1957, D.P. Gokhshtein created a scientific group for the development of thermal power plants. In 1969, the Faculty of Thermophysics was transferred to the Odessa Technological Institute of Food and Refrigeration Industry (OTIPKhP), where D.P. Gokhshtein at the Department of Engineering Thermophysics organized the problem laboratory "Power plants on non-water vapor".

Since 1971, he headed the Department of Nuclear Power Plants at the Department of Atomic Energy at the Odessa Polytechnic Institute, where he worked until the end of his life ^[5] .

As part of the Odessa thermodynamic school, he headed a new direction “Thermodynamics of cycles and schemes of power plants” ^[6] . The main scientific works in the field of the use of non-water vapor in energy and the entropy method of thermodynamic analysis, according to which D.P. Gokhshtein also published several monographs. Among his students are doctors of technical sciences G.P. Verkhivker , E.I. Taubman , N.D. Zakharov , V.S. Kirov , L.F. Smirnov , Z. R. Gorbis .

He was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor , the medal "For Labor Valor" ^[7] .

• D.P. Gokhshtein . To the problem of a new working agent for binary installations. Odessa: Industrial Institute, 1938.
• D.P. Gokhshtein . Entropy method for calculating energy losses. M. — L.: Gosenergoizdat, 1951. - 112 p.
• D.P. Gokhshtein . Use of heat waste in heat pumps. M. — L .: Gosenergoizdat, 1955. - 80 p.
• D.P. Gokhshtein, G.P. Verkhivker . The problem of increasing K.P. D. steam turbine power plants. M. — L .: Gosenergoizdat, 1960 .-- 208 p.
• D.P. Gokhshtein . Entropy method for calculating energy losses. M. — L .: Gosenergoizdat, 1963 .-- 103 p.
• D.P. Gokhshtein . Will the world clock stop? (A popular exposition of the doctrine of entropy). M. — L .: Gosenergoizdat, 1963 .-- 104 p.
• D.P. Gokhshtein . Modern methods of thermodynamic analysis of power plants. M .: Energy, 1969. - 368 p.
• D.P. Gokhshtein, G.P. Verkhivker . Analysis of thermal schemes of nuclear power plants. Kiev: Vishcha school, 1977 .-- 240 p.
• D.P. Gokhshtein, V.S. Kirov, V.V. Fisenko . Cycles and thermal schemes of nuclear power plants with high-temperature reactors. Kiev: Vishcha school, 1983. - 202 p.
• D.P. Gokhshtein, G.P. Verkhivker . Application of the subtraction method to the analysis of the operation of power plants. Kiev: Vishcha school, 1985 .-- 81 p.