Georgy (Egor) Ioannovich (Ivanovich) Avalishvili (Avalov) ( Georgian გიორგი ავალიშვილი ; 1769 - 1850 , Moscow ) - Georgian and Russian politician, writer , diplomat , traveler, playwright and translator . Valid State Councilor .
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Content
Biography
The representative of the princely family Avalishvili . He was educated in the Russian Empire. Calligrapher Served as a diplomat. In 1791 he traveled to Persia and Azerbaijan .
In 1784-1802 he was the secretary of the Georgian embassy in St. Petersburg . In 1800, together with Garsevan Chavchavadze and Eliazar Palavandishvili was a member of the diplomatic mission to Russia. He played an active role in the accession of Kartli-Kakheti to Russia. He was the first authorized King of Kartli-Kakheti George XII , who signed an agreement on Georgia’s accession to Russia in 1800 in St. Petersburg .
After the abolition of the Georgian embassy, along with members of noble Georgian families, expelled from Georgia, he lived in St. Petersburg . Avalishvili (Avalov), having received the rank of State Counselor, worked as a translator in the Foreign Affairs College of the Russian Empire .
In 1819-1820, Avalishvili (Avalov) visited Asia Minor , Egypt , Palestine . He left in the manuscript devoted to this journey "Notes" describing the socio-political, economic and living conditions of the population of the countries with which he was able to get acquainted, illustrated mostly with his own drawings with images of sights and with a geographical map of the route. In Cairo, Avalishvili bought a sarcophagus for 1,200 gold and with great difficulty brought to St. Petersburg a mummy enclosed in it, buried four thousand years ago, which marks in his Kalmasob and Ionn Batonishvili. Visiting the ancient Georgian monasteries in Palestine, Avalishvili found only the only Georgian deacon there , the servant of the Church of the Resurrection.
From the famous Monastery of the Cross, near Jerusalem , he brought 12 unique manuscripts (9 Georgian, Syrian, Ethiopian and Armenian) and 4 old-printed books that aroused great interest of Orientalist scholars. 7 of the manuscripts, according to Professor A. Tsagareli , were acquired by the Imperial Academy of Sciences .
The report submitted by Avalishvili to Count Nesselrode upon his return to St. Petersburg, which refers to “entrusted papers and verbal instructions,” gives the right to assume that he has carried out unofficial diplomatic missions. Some researchers admit the possibility that Avalishvili used his journey, in particular his stay in Istanbul
While living in St. Petersburg, and then from 1822 in Moscow, he led intensive literary activities, engaged in translation, wishing, through his works, to acquaint his native people with Russian and European culture.
Avalishvili is considered the pioneer of the Georgian comedy and the initiator of the creation of the Georgian theater. He translated the comedies of A. P. Sumarokov “The Cuckold”, “Mother and daughter of the daughter”, “Nonsense”, wrote the play “ King Teimuraz ” (only the prologue of the author was preserved), etc.
Participated in the creation in 1791 of the first national Georgian theater at the court of Heraclius II in Tiflis. His plays were staged in the early 1790s at the court of King Heraclius II .
Avalishvili translated over thirty works of Russian and foreign writers of various genres - Derzhavin , Lomonosov , Kheraskov , Voltaire , Florian , Erasmus of Rotterdam , Milton and others (he translated foreign authors from Russian) into Georgian , wrote a number of original poems.
The most important and voluminous of his writings is “Journey”, in 1968 “Journey” was published in Georgian. Travel notes of Avalishvili, acquainting with the socio-political and economic history and life of Georgia, Turkey and Egypt, and still represent a certain interest, for patriotic purposes. Much of his work is lost.
Notes
Literature
- Prince P. Dolgorukov. “Russian genealogical book”, part III, p. 479. The first full. collected laws, t. XXVI, No. 19721 and 20007.
- Rayfield, Donald, The Literature of Georgia: A History, pp. 135-6. Routledge, 2000. ISBN 0-7007-1163-5 .
Links
- Avalov, Egor Ivanovich // Russian biographical dictionary : in 25 volumes. - SPb. - M. , 1896-1918.
- Avali-shvili // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : 86 t. (82 t. And 4 add.). - SPb. , 1890-1907.