Tufa Lilugu

Tufa Lilugu was the son of Tufa Syfujian, who became leader in 356 and recognized himself as a vassal of the Early Qin State. When Tufa Syfujian died, and when, instead of him, his eldest son Tufa Ugu , became the leader, no data. In 394, Lui Guan , who founded the state of Late Liang , suggested that Tuff Ugu become his general, and Tufa Ugu, having discussed this issue with his confidants, agreed.

The first information about Tufa Lilugu appears in sources in the year 397. After Lui Guang was defeated by the ruler of Western Qin Cifu Gangui , Tufa Ugu declared himself the “Prince of Sipin” (西 平王) and introduced his own chronology, thereby becoming an independent ruler. At the same time, the soothsayer Guo Nen raised an uprising in the capital of the Late Liang, Guzane city and asked Tuf Ugu for help. Tufa Ugu sent Tuff Lilugu to his aid, but later Guo Nen joined West Qin, not South Liang. In 398 Tufa, Ugu Hugo, Ugu changed his title from “Sipinski Prince” to “Uwei Prince” (武威 王). In the summer of 399, Tufa Ugu sent Tufa Lilugu, who had the title of “Sipinskiy guna ” (西 平 公) to the aid of Duan Ye (the founder of the state of Northern Liang ), who was attacked by the troops of Late Liang, and Tufa Lilugu successfully coped with his task. Later that same year, Tufa Ugu, being drunk, fell from his horse and injured his chest. As his condition deteriorated, he ordered before his death that an adult be chosen as an adult, and after his death, the nobility chose Tuf Lilugu as the new ruler.

Heading the state, Tufa Lilugu moved the stake from Ladu to Xiping . In 400, Lu Zuan , who led the Later Liang, attacked Tufa Lilugu, but it was repulsed. Later that same year, Tufa Lilugu surrendered to the ruler of the state of Western Qin Cifu Gangui , who was defeated by the troops of the Later Qin . Tufa Juian (Tufa’s brother Lilugu) did not believe in the sincerity of Figu Gangui, and demanded that he be sent into exile to the west of Lake Kukunor , but Tufa Lilugu refused to do so, saying that in this case no one else would switch to his side; however, when later, Figu Gangui ran to Late Qin, Tufa Lilugu regretted that he had not exiled or executed him. Later, when Cifu Chipan (the son of Cifu Gangui) also tried to run over to the late Qin, Tufa Lilugu wanted to execute him, but Tufa Nutan dissuaded his brother.

In the spring of 401, the courtiers insisted that Tufa Lilugu declare himself emperor, but he eventually decided not to do so, but only changed the title of “Wei prince”, which his brother Tufa Ugu wore, to the title of “Hees prince” (河西 王), thereby making claims to the entire Hexi region (land west of the Yellow River ).

In the autumn of 401, Ju Menshyun (the new ruler of Northern Liang) was forced to send a hostage to the court of South Liang, and he sent his son Ju Yu Xinyan, but Tufa Lilugu said that he was too small, and Ju Ju Ju, brother Ju Ju, was wanted hostage, and Ju besides, he was his general and adviser. At first, Juqui Man-jun denied it, which enraged Tufa Lilugu, and he staged a raid on Northern Liang. Ju Mansun had to submit, and he sent his uncle Ju Kunzhe with the promise that Ju Ju would be sent as a hostage after Tuf Lilugu withdrew his troops and released the captured people. However, Tufa Lilugu himself was aware of the limits of his power, and in 401 he formally recognized Yao Xing , the ruler of Late Qin, as his overlord; when the Later Qin attacked the Later Liang - Tufa Lilugu ordered his troops to withdraw to clear the way for the late Qin troops.

At the beginning of 402, at the request of Jiao Liang, who staged an uprising in the Late Liang, Tufa Lilugu sent him Tuf Nutan to help him, and they attacked the Late Lien capital Gujang together, inflicting a major defeat on the Later Liang. However, when in the spring of 402 years later Liang was attacked by Northern Liang, Tufa Lilugu sent Tufa Nutan to the aid of Late Liang (although by the time of his arrival the troops of Northern Liang had already withdrawn).

In the spring of 402, Tufa Lilugu fell ill and ordered that, after his death, the state should head Tufa Nutan, which was done.

• Official biographies of the rulers of Southern Liang in the Spring and Autumn of the Sixteen States ( Chinese )
• Official biographies of the rulers of South Liang in the " Book of Jin " ( Chinese )