Dalin, Mark Alexandrovich

Dalin Mark Aleksandrovich was born on March 25, 1906 in Baku , in the family of civil engineer Alexander Dalin. After graduating from the Azerbaijan Industrial Institute in 1930 , a young engineer Mark Dalin led a group of specialists from the Azerbaijan Oil Research Institute to develop a technology for producing ethyl alcohol . In 1934 , an experimental synthetic rubber plant (Az.SK) was established, the chief engineer of which, and subsequently, 28-year-old M.A.Dalin is appointed its director.

Since 1935 , at the pilot plant of AzSK under the direction of M.A. Dalin, pyrolysis processes of various types of petroleum feedstock, separation of pyrogas, synthesis of ethyl and isopropyl alcohol by direct and sulphate hydration, and alkylation of benzene with ethylene and propylene on aluminum chloride were developed. This period of life M.A. Dalina became a "star" and all further professional activities were associated with AzSK.

During the Great Patriotic War, this plant became under the direction of M.A. Dalin was a defense enterprise and supplied the front with aluminum naphthenate, chromyl chloride , dope, saccharin , streptocide , alpha-naphthol toluene and other products. At the same time, a group of specialists headed by I.V. was seconded to the plant . Kurchatov , who designed apparatus for smoke screens, a compact flamethrower and some other types of military weapons, in the development of which engineer Dalin also took an active part.

Among the materials that the defense industry was in dire need of was organic glass . When mastering its production on the basis of acetone and hydrocyanic acid , the installation for the production of isopropyl alcohol and then acetone was used . This complex, isopropyl alcohol - acetone, was during the war the largest supplier of raw materials for the production of organic glass. Then M.A. Dalin fruitfully worked on new processes for the production of petrochemical synthesis.

In 1946, he was awarded the USSR State Prize for the development and implementation of the synthesis of alkylbenzenes, which are used as a high-octane component of aviation gasoline. This was a matter of strategic importance. In 1952, Dalin M.A. again awarded the USSR State Prize for work in the field of olefin hydration, which were widely introduced into industry. In 1959, M.A. Dalin was elected a full member of the Academy of Sciences of the Azerbaijan SSR . From 1960-1963 he was an academician-secretary of the department of chemical sciences of the Academy of Sciences of the Azerbaijan SSR.

In 1962, on the initiative of M.A. Dalin, the All-Union Scientific and Research Technological Institute for the production and processing of low molecular weight olefins was created, the permanent director of which he was until 1987. The gas separation unit operating at the pilot plant produced ethylene and propylene of polymerization purity. Based on these pure products in 1960–1990. Under the guidance of M.A. Dalin, numerous syntheses of the most important petrochemical products have been developed and tested on a pilot scale.

Thanks to fine engineering intuition, Dalin MA, the development of the process was carried out without a laboratory research stage, directly in the experimental workshops of the institute, which significantly reduced the time from the idea to implementation. Many of the developments of Dalin M.A. were introduced on a large-scale scale in Russia, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia.

The high scientific level of the institute’s development, the broad thematic scope of research, and the director’s extraordinary personality attracted the attention of foreign companies in the institute in 1970-1980. On the basis of the institute, events are held under the auspices of UNIDO , UN , CMEA , international and industry meetings, joint work is carried out with ROHM and HAAS (USA) on the synthesis of methacrylic compounds, with DISTILIERS Co (England) and SOHIO (USA) on the oxidative ommonolysis of propylene, with the French Petroleum Institute for the dehydrogenation of n-paraffins, with the Czechoslovak concern CHEMOPETROL and others.

Huge erudition, great practical experience and amazing scientific intuition allowed the scientist to pose and solve urgent problems in various fields of industrial petrochemistry. Under his leadership, the scientific foundations of the processing processes of many products and new technological methods patented in many industrialized countries of America and Europe were developed. Among them is the synthesis of nitrile of acrylic acid , ethylene-propylene elastomers , high density polyethylene .

• 1922-1926 - studying at the gymnasium.
• 1926-1930 - studies at the Azerbaijan Industrial Institute.
• 1930-1934 - Work at the Azerbaijan Scientific Research Institute of the Oil Refining Industry, in which he led a group of specialists to develop technology for producing ethyl alcohol.
• 1934 - appointment of the director of the experimental plant "AzSC" ("Azerbaijan Synthetic Rubber")
• 1935-1960 - developed and introduced into the industry the pyrolysis of various types of crude oil, the separation of hydrocarbon gases, the production of ethyl and isopropylbenzene, ethyl and isopropyl alcohols by direct and sulfuric acid hydration.
• 1946 - Awarding of the USSR State Prize.
• 1952 - Awarding of the USSR State Prize.
• 1953 - Professor, Azerbaijan Institute of Oil and Chemistry
• 1959 - election as a full member of the Academy of Sciences of the Azerbaijan SSR.
• 1960-1963 - academician-secretary of the Department of Chemical Sciences of the Academy of Sciences of the Azerbaijan SSR.
• 1960-1970 - creation of the synthesis of nitrile of acrylic acid, ethylene propylene elastomers, p-tert-butyl phenol and high density polyethylene.
• 1963 - election as director of the All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Olefins (VNIIolefin)
• 1965 - creation of a technology for producing benzene by hydrogenation processing of liquid pyrolysis products
• 1972 - creation of technology for producing high-impact polystyrene
• 1973 - creation of technology for producing alpha-olefins by high-temperature oligomerization of ethylene
• 1975 - creation of a technology for the production of propylene oxide and styrene
• 1981 - Awarding of the Prize of the Council of Ministers of the USSR for the creation of large-capacity ethylbenzene production

Dalin M.A. - The author of hundreds of scientific works and inventions. At his monographs on the problems of petrochemistry, petrochemists of several generations studied and improved their skills, including abroad. Great Merits of Academician Dalin M.A. in the development of science and industry were marked by high government awards. He was awarded the Order of Lenin, two orders of the Red Banner of Labor, orders of the Badge of Honor, and many medals. In 1996, Dalin M.A., by decree of the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan Aliyev G.A., was awarded the highest award of Azerbaijan - the Order of Glory.

• Mark Aleksandrovich Dalin on the website of BLACKBERRY - EJWiki.orgs - "History of the Jews of Azerbaijan"
• Mark Aleksandrovich Dalin on the Baku pages - Encyclopedia / "Unknown" Baku People
• Mark Alexandrovich Dalin on ourbaku.com
• Mark Alexandrovich Dalin on the site of the Russian Jewish Encyclopedia
• Mark Aleksandrovich Dalin on the site Gorskie.ru - "Baku Jews"
• Mark Aleksandrovich Dalin on Haqqin.az website - "Let's return the Baku Jews!"
• Mark Aleksandrovich Dalin on the HSE website - No. 40 dated October 26, 2001