Vladimir Kremlin (also Pecherniy town ) - the ancient Detinets Vladimir-on-Klyazma , located in the center of a hilly ridge between the two surrounding towns - Vetchany from the east and New from the west. According to the most common version of N. N. Voronin , the Vladimir Kremlin was founded by the Prince of Kiev Vladimir Monomakh at the beginning of the 12th century . Both roundabout cities, according to Voronin, were founded by Andrey Bogolyubsky . Today, on the territory of the Old Town is located the Mother of God-Nativity Monastery , which in our time is called the Vladimir Kremlin as the only walled object in common use, which is historically inaccurate.
| Vladimir Kremlin | |
|---|---|
 Model of ancient Vladimir. In the foreground is the New City with the Golden Gate. Behind him is the Kremlin (Pecherniy town). In the background Vetchany city. | |
| City | Vladimir |
| Year built | XII century |
The Detinets of the pre-Mongol era was smaller than the 16th - 17th- century Detinets, coinciding with the Pecherny town. In the pre-Mongol era, the Detinets was fenced from the rest of the Pecherne city by a white-stone wall and contained the white-stone Uspensky and Dmitrievsky Cathedrals. The white-stone gate of the Detinets was most likely a reduced copy of the Vladimir Golden Gate , which was the main entrance to the New City. They existed in the form of a bell tower until the XIX century , and, apparently, became a source of building material for the construction of a new bell tower of the Assumption Cathedral. In the post-Mongol period, the Vladimir Kremlin expanded and began to correspond to the Pecherny city. It was connected with the New Town by the Trade Gate, with the Vetchanym - the Ivanovskie Gate, and from the north it was possible to enter through the Frolov Gate.
The perimeter of the shafts of the Pecherny town was 2.5 km, and their surviving part still has a height of 7 m and a base width of 20 m. On the western and eastern sides, the Kremlin was reinforced by straight ditches running from north to south - from the riverbed Lybed to Klyazma .
Literature
- Agronsky V.I. Architecture of Russia. - Moscow: Eksmo, 2017.
- Zagraevsky S.V. Historical topography of pre-Mongol Vladimir. M., 2015
- Mazur L. D. Strengthening of the Kremlin and the Posad of Vladimir in the 17th Century // Academic Bulletin UralNIIproekt of the RAACS. № 2, 2012
- Milovanov S.I. The initial stage of development of the eastern part of the Pecherniy town of Vladimir-on-Klyazma // Archeology of the Vladimir-Suzdal land: materials nauch. a seminar. Issue 5. M .: IA RAS, 2015. P. 16–31.
- Milovanov S.I. The history of the formation of the defensive complex of the central part of the city of Vladimir (on the question of the topography of fortifications) // Archeology of the Vladimir-Suzdal land: materials nauch. a seminar. Issue 6. M .: IA RAS, 2016. P. 136–149.
- P.A. Rappoport. Essays on the history of military architecture of north-eastern and north-western Russia of the 10th-15th centuries. Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1961.