Louise Mary Gould ( born Louisa Mary Gould ; October 7, 1891 - February 1945 ) is an activist of the Resistance Movement in the Channel Islands occupied by Germany , a resident of the island of Jersey. From 1942 to 1944, before her arrest, she harbored the Red Army soldier Fyodor Polikarpovich Bury, who had fallen into German captivity [1] . Executed in the Ravensbrück concentration camp for helping the Resistance. In 2010, she was posthumously awarded the title of British Holocaust Hero .
| Louise Gould | |
|---|---|
| English Louisa gould | |
 | |
| Date of Birth | October 7, 1891 |
| Place of Birth | Saint-Ouen , Jersey , UK |
| Date of death | 1945 |
| Place of death | Ravensbrück concentration camp , Third Reich |
| Nationality |  Great Britain |
| Occupation | activist of the Resistance Movement |
| Children | Ralph, Edward |
| Awards and prizes | British Holocaust hero (2010, posthumous) |
Content
Biography
Family
She was born on October 7, 1891 in the village of Saint Owen on the island of Jersey (UK), at birth she received the name Louise Mary Le Druileneck [2] [3] [4] [5] . She was the mistress of a grocery store in La Fontaine, Mill, Saint-Ouen [6] [7] [8] . She raised two children, Ralph and Edward, who served in the British Army during World War II [9] [10] ; Edward studied at Oxford, was enrolled in the British Navy and died in 1941 [7] [1] .
Help Resistance
The island of Jersey was occupied by Hitler’s troops without a shot, and on October 20, 1941, Adolf Hitler ordered it to be turned into a fortress in the English Channel in case of preparations for the future capture of Great Britain. For its arrangement, prisoners of war and ostarbeiters , among whom were Soviet citizens, began to refer to the island [11] . The Silt concentration camp, guarded by SS men, was specially built on the island. The prisoners of the concentration camp worked in the quarries in two shifts of 12 hours and were subjected to all kinds of bullying by the guards: it was commonplace when the SS killed prisoners who were unable to work anymore [1] .
Among the prisoners was military commander Fyodor Polikarpovich Bury, who in the fall of 1941 was surrounded by Smolensk as part of the 166th Infantry Division, was wounded and captured by German [1] (according to other sources, he served in the Air Force and was allegedly shot down by Germans ) [12] . Local citizens showed sympathy for the prisoners of the camp and hid them in their homes, despite the legislative ban on the part of the Germans under threat of death. At some point, Bury managed to escape from the concentration camp and met with the farmer Rene Le Motte, who sheltered Fedor and began to call him Bill [1] .
For some time, Fyodor was in Rene’s house, studying English on his own and receiving messages from the front by radio. He recorded messages, passing leaflets to prisoners of war through other members of the Resistance. Soon, a familiar policeman informed Rene that the Nazis had set surveillance on the house, and he asked Louise Gould to shelter Fedor. She agreed, despite threats from the Germans, because Fedor somehow reminded her of Edward [1] :
I have to do something for the son of another mother [10] .
Original textI have to do something for another mother's son.
Louise hid Fedor for a year and a half in her house, passing him off as her nephew named Bill [13] . Fedor wore Edward's clothes and continued to learn English. He was well aware of what was happening at the front, but could not leave the island [1] .
Arrest and death
Neighbors learned that Louise was hiding a certain Bill, and reported to the Germans [12] [14] . In June 1944, the Germans searched the house and found an English-Russian dictionary [9] [15] [16] . Nobody could catch Fedor until the end of the war [13] , since Louise Gould transported him to the city of St. Helier , the main city of Jersey, to her younger sister in the safe house of the underground Jersey [1] .
However, Louise Gould herself was arrested in the spring of 1945 at the denunciation of her neighbors and received two years in prison for concealing a prisoner of a concentration camp and for keeping a radio station [7] . Her brother Harold Le Druylenek and sister Ivy Forster [7] were put on trial. In May 1945, the island’s garrison capitulated, and Fedor left England on the boat, but soon learned that Louise Gould, who had saved him, died in February 1945 in the Ravensbrück concentration camp: she was executed in a gas chamber [17] . Harold was thrown into the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp and miraculously survived [18] .
Memory
In 1995, in memory of Louise Gould, a memorial plaque was erected in Saint-Ouen [19] , Fyodor Polikarpovich [20] [9] was present at the opening. In 2010, Louise Gould was awarded the title of British Holocaust Heroine [21] [22] [23] .
In 2017, the story of Louise Gould and Fyodor Polikarpovich Buryi was filmed in the film “ The Son of Another Mother ", The role of Louise was played by Jenny Sigrow , the role of Fedor was Julian Kostov [18] [17] [24] [1] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 An Englishwoman saved a Russian who escaped from a concentration camp in memory of her dead son (Russian)
- ↑ The true story of Louisa Gould . Jersey Tourist Information Center (March 14, 2017). Date of treatment March 17, 2017.
- ↑ The National Archives The Discovery Service . Date of treatment March 17, 2017.
- ↑ Paul Sanders. The ultimate sacrifice: the Jersey Twenty and their "offenses against the occupying authorities", 1940–1945 . - Jersey Museums Service, 1998.
- ↑ Société jersiaise. Annual bulletin . - 1999.
- ↑ Barry Turner. Outpost of Occupation: The Nazi Occupation of the Channel Islands 1940–45 . - Aurum Press, April 25, 2011. - P. 165–. - ISBN 978-1-84513-724-3 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Lyn Smith. Heroes of the Holocaust: Ordinary Britons who risked their lives to make a difference . - Ebury Publishing, 5 January 2012. - P. 103–. - ISBN 978-1-4481-1812-0 .
- ↑ Archives and collections online . jerseyheritage.org . Date of treatment March 17, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Sturgis, India Mourning her own son, the mother who hid a Russian PoW from Nazi occupiers, and made the ultimate sacrifice (March 19, 2017). Date of treatment November 22, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 Glynis Cooper. Foul Deeds and Suspicious Deaths in Jersey . - Casemate Publishers, 2008. - P. 161–. - ISBN 978-1-84563-068-3 .
- ↑ Carpenter, Julie John Nettles: 'Telling the truth about Channel Islands cost me my friends' (November 5, 2012). Date of treatment March 17, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 People of the Occupation - Jersey War Tunnels . Date of treatment March 17, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 Protest, Defiance and Resistance in the Channel Islands: German Occupation, 1940–45 . - Bloomsbury Publishing, June 19, 2014. - P. 195–. - ISBN 978-1-4725-0813-3 .
- ↑ Paul Sanders. The British Channel Islands Under German Occupation, 1940–1945 . - Paul Sanders, 2005. - P. 130–. - ISBN 978-0-9538858-3-1 .
- ↑ Madeline Bunting. The Model Occupation: The Channel Islands Under German Rule, 1940–1945 . - Random House, 24 July 2014. - P. 209–. - ISBN 978-1-4735-2130-8 .
- ↑ Peter Tabb. A Peculiar Occupation: New Perspectives on Hitler's Channel Islands . - Ian Allan, 2005. - ISBN 978-0-7110-3113-5 .
- ↑ 1 2 Major film to tell the story of Jersey heroine's bravery “Jersey Evening Post . Date of treatment March 17, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 Stars bring story of Jersey heroine gassed by Nazis to big screen . The Times. Date of treatment March 17, 2017.
- ↑ Archives and collections online . Date of treatment March 17, 2017.
- ↑ David W. Moore. The Other British Isles: A History of Shetland, Orkney, the Hebrides, Isle of Man, Anglesey, Scilly, Isle of Wight and the Channel Islands . - McFarland, November 8, 2005. - P. 239–. - ISBN 978-0-7864-8924-4 .
- ↑ Blake, Heidi The remarkable stories of Britain's Heroes of the Holocaust . Telegraph (March 10, 2010). Date of treatment March 17, 2017.
- ↑ https://www.thejc.com/news/uk-news/gordon-brown-honours-british-holocaust-heroes-1.14398
- ↑ Courage of four Island heroes “Jersey Evening Post . Date of treatment March 17, 2017.
- ↑ Express, Bailiwick Date set for Occupation-based film premiere . bailiwickexpress.com . Date of treatment March 17, 2017.