Sudeten horsefly [1] ( lat. Tabanus sudeticus ) - a kind of horsefly .
| Tabanus sudeticus | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Scientific classification | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| International scientific name | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tabanus sudeticus Zeller , 1842 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Geochronology appeared 3.6 million years
◄ Nowadays◄ Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Description
Body length 20-28 mm. The eyes have no stripes and are not covered with hairs. Females have a frontal stripe in yellow or gray plaque. The lower frontal callus is triangular, sometimes merging on top with the middle frontal callus. In males, the eyes touch. The upper facets are 5 times larger than the lower ones. The chest is olive brown. Abdominal tergites are black with whitish triangular spots in the middle. On the sides of them are large brown spots with fuzzy edges. The tops of the cerci are rounded [1] . The signs of the external structure of the females vary significantly, which does not allow them to distinguish this species from bull flies by them . Only the structure of the terminal segments of the abdomen is significantly different, in particular, in Tabanus sudeticus, the basal lobe of the eighth sternite with straight lateral sides, and in Tabanus bovinus they are concave [2] . Larvae up to 52 mm long, white in color, weight up to 1 gram. The sides of the body are corrugated. The upper jaw is pointed with a serrated inner edge [3] .
Lifestyle
Larvae develop in humus - rich soil. By nutrition, they belong to predators and saprophages . Duration of development is up to 3 years [3] . Flying adults from June to August, females attack livestock, especially horses.
Distribution
It occurs in Central and Southern Europe , Ukraine , Belarus , the Baltic states , the European part of Russia , the Caucasus and Transcaucasia [1] .
Karyotype
The diploid set contains seven pairs of chromosomes [4] .
Paleontology
The species is known from Pliocene sediments in Germany , dated at 3.6 Ma [5] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 Olsufiev N.G. Slepin. Sem. Tabanidae // Fauna of the USSR. Insects Diptera. - L .: Nauka , 1977 .-- T. 7, no. 2. - S. 159—161. - 435 p. - (New Series No. 113).
- ↑ Vislevskaya E. Yu., Gaponov S. P. On identification of species of horseflies Tabanus bovinus Linneus and Tabanus sudeticus Zeller (diptera, Tabanidae) in the Voronezh region // Bulletin of Voronezh State University, Series: Chemistry. Biology. Pharmacy: magazine. - 2015. - No. 1 . - S. 64-68 . - ISSN 1609-0675 .
- ↑ 1 2 Andreeva R.V. Identifier of horsefly larvae. The European part of the USSR, the Caucasus, Central Asia / Executive Editor V. A. Mamontova . - Kiev: Naukova Dumka , 1990 .-- S. 113-114. - 170 p. - ISBN 5-12-001360-X .
- ↑ Altunsoy F. & Kiliç AY Karyotype characterization of some Tabanidae (Diptera) species (English) // Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi: journal. - 2010 .-- Vol. 34 , no. 4 . - P. 477-494 . - ISSN 1010-6960 .
- ↑ Tabanus sudeticus (English) information on the Paleobiology Database website. (Retrieved March 8, 2019) .
Literature
- Heiko Bellmann: Der Neue Kosmos Insektenführer. Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 3-440-07682-2 .
- Joachim & Hiroko Haupt: Fliegen und Mücken: Beobachtung, Lebensweise. Naturbuch-Verlag, Augsburg 1998, ISBN 3-89440-278-4 .