Grodno Upland ( Belorussian Grodzenskay ышvyshysha ) - Upland in the southwestern part of the Belarusian Ridge . Located on the territory of Belarus and partially Poland .
| Grodno Upland | |
|---|---|
| Belor. Grodzenskay | |
 Sokolsky hills, the western part of the Grodno Upland, in the vicinity of the village of Belogortse (Sokulsky County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, Poland) | |
| Specifications | |
| Dimensions | 40 × 70 km |
| Square | 1400 km² |
| Highest point | |
| Highest point | 157-240 m |
| Location | |
| Country |
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| Regions | Grodno Region , Podlaskie Voivodeship |
Geographical position
The Grodno Upland occupies part of the Grodno Region of Belarus, including the city of Grodno . In the northeast, it adjoins the Neman Lowland , in the east - with the Skidel Lowland , in the south - with the Volkovys Upland . The western spurs of the hill, entering the territory of Poland, are called the Sokol Hills ( Polish. Wzgórza Sokólskie ).
The area of the Grodno Upland is 1.4 thousand km². The maximum height above sea level is 247 m. The length from north to south is 70 km, from west to east - about 40 km. The Neman River flows through the eastern part of the hill.
Relief
At least four glaciers participated in the formation of the Grodno Upland. This can be judged by the presence of four so-called. final moraines - the Koptev, Mohyla, Kulev and Dubrov ridges. There are other moraine relief elements (for example, the Indur and Rachitskaya plains 180–210 m high), as well as a plateau, on the elevated territory.
The surface of the Grodno Upland is mostly wavy, with small hills-outliers. The site with the highest height of 247 m is located 12 km south of Grodno. Above the Neman ridge, the height drops to 157 m. The relief of the outskirts of the hill is distinguished by large hills and rails with an amplitude of heights of up to 20-25 m.
The Neman valley, cutting through the territory of the hill, is wide enough before the confluence of Salmon . Further, it narrows significantly; the width of the Neman’s channel in this case is 50–100 m. A narrow part of the valley passes through a section of moraine blockages in the glacial hollow and the Neman’s pradolina, formed after one of the ancient glaciations. The structure of the valley is complex, it consists of an upper terrace , eight local terraces and three floodplain levels. The edges of the Neman valley are crossed by deep ravines. One of them, Kolodezhny Ditch , is included in the list of natural monuments of Belarus.
Soils and Flora
Soils are mainly sod-podzolic . On the territory of the Grodno Valley there are coniferous forests with a significant admixture of oak , maple , ash , linden . In the Neman valley, on the slopes of large ravines, barberry , hawthorn , wild rose , and willow , birch , and alder grow in the floodplains of the rivers.
Economic Development
Arable land occupies about 40% of the territory of the Grodno Upland. 9% of the territory is covered by forest.
Numerous hills are a popular weekend hike due to its picturesque nature.
Literature
- Geography Belarus: Encycl. daednik. - Mn. : BelEn, 1992. - S. 56-57. (belor.)
- Belarus: Encekl. davednik / B. І. Sachanka (gal. Red.) І інш .. - Mn. : BelEn, 1995 .-- S. 800. - 243 p. - 5,000 copies. - ISBN 985-11-0026-9 . (belor.) (belor.)