Pios Castle ( Spanish: Castillo de Pioz ) is an architectural complex of the 15th century in Spain.
| Castle | |
| Pios Castle | |
|---|---|
 | |
| A country |  Spain |
| Location | Pios , Guadalajara , Spain , |
| Founder | Inigo Lopez de Mendoza |
| Established | XV century |
| Status | partially restored |
Located in the eponymous municipality of the Spanish province of Guadalajara . It was designed as a fortress by the architect Lorenzo Vazquez for the "great cardinal " of Spain, Pedro González de Mendoza (1428-1495), who planned to use it as a fortified dwelling in case of adverse political changes. Construction began in 1458, but ten years later, Cardinal González refused to continue it, as he became the owner of the castle of Hadrake , in terms of its characteristics and strategic location more suited to its plans for the future. The construction of Pios Castle was continued by - the new owner of the land. It was conducted until the end of the 15th century, after which the castle was abandoned and gradually became desolate. The castle was never involved during the fighting.
At the end of the 20th century, the castle was bought by the local municipality for restoration as an object of .
Content
History
In the first half of the 15th century, were granted by King Juan II of Castile to their sister Catherine , however, after the uprising led by her husband Enrique of Aragon , the lands were granted to the Marquis of Santillan , and in 1458 inherited by his son - the future The "great cardinal" of Spain, Pedro González de Mendoza [1] . He on the acquired lands decided to erect a castle in the Italian style , safe for living in the event of possible political strife.
The project was carried out by the architect Lorenzo Vazquez. Construction began in 1448, but ten years later it was suspended. In 1469, the lands of Guadalajara as a result of a win-win deal went to the Secretary of Juan II, , who continued the construction, which ended, as a result, only at the end of the XV century [2] [3] [4] [5] .
At the end of construction, the castle was left in the care of the Alcaid , who served it until the 18th century. Then it was sold to a private person who carried out a number of minor restoration works, after which the castle was completely abandoned until in 1990 it was bought by the local municipality for restoration as an object of cultural heritage [6] [7] [5] [8] [1 ] ] .
Description
Pios Castle is located on the plain (plateau) of Alcarria. Built of white stone , it has the shape of a square surrounded by a thick barbican and a deep castle moat . Cylindrical corner towers are located on the north, south and east sides, and the side - on the north-east side of the castle; all towers have a small amount of stucco decoration. The tower in the northwest corner has an irregular shape - it is square on one side and round on the other. The passage to the tower was provided by a drawbridge of lever type with a counterweight and a central axis, a complex lifting system, which made the tower reliable protection for its inhabitants. There were several entrances to the castle - both over the bridge and around it along the northern facade [9] .
The very thick outer wall of the fortress is built on a barely pronounced slope. Narrow aisles, allowing to place artillery pieces , battlements , a large number of loopholes in the fortress, were supposed to provide the defenders of the fortress with the necessary conditions when repelling the storm of the castle. Another drawbridge was brought to the donjon , leading to the spiral staircase in the south tower ( donjon ) [10] .
Inside the castle there are also lost and zigzag stairs. The living quarters, especially the bedrooms, were decorated in a palace style, the high ceiling and large windows were only in one room, so far only the foundations and foundations of the columns have survived from them [9] .
By decree of April 22, 1949 ( Declaración genérica del Decreto ) and Law 16/1985 on the Spanish Historical Heritage, the castle was taken under state protection. In this regard, it is planned to carry out restoration work in the castle, however, as of 2017, the complex continued to be in unsatisfactory condition: the fortress walls were partially destroyed, the battlements of the walls and towers were completely absent [5] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Casado. Pioz , Pioz. El castillo de la Alcarria.
- ↑ CORTÉS CAMPOAMOR, Salvador. El problema de los límites de la comunidad de Villa y Tierra de Guadalajara: notas en torno a la toponimia del Fuero de Alfonso VII. - Wad-al-Hayara: Revista de estudios de Guadalajara, 1985. - No. 12. - S. 81-86.
- ↑ Herrera Casado, 2002 , p. 162-163.
- ↑ Herrera Casado, 2002 , p. 164.
- ↑ 1 2 3 CastillosNet , El castillo de Pioz.
- ↑ Definición de bienes culturales protegidos (Spanish) . Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte . Ministry of Culture. Date of treatment March 4, 2019. Archived July 14, 2012.
- ↑ Consulta a la base de datos de bienes inmuebles (Spanish) . Gobierno de España . Date of treatment June 2, 2018.
- ↑ Herrera Casado, 2002 , p. 165.
- ↑ 1 2 Herrera Casado, 2002 , p. 161.
- ↑ CastillosNet , Descripción.
Literature
- Herrera Casado, Antonio. Castillos y fortalezas de Castilla-La Mancha: una guía para conocerlos y visitarlos (Spanish) . - Guadalajara: AACHE Ediciones, 2002 .-- ISBN 84-95179-87-3 .
- Herrera Casado, Antonio. Castillos y fortalezas de Castilla-La Mancha . Pioz. El castillo de la Alcarria . AACHE Ediciones (2007) . Date of treatment April 9, 2019.
Links
- Castillo de Pioz . CastillosNet . - Última actualización: 07/22/2017. Date of treatment June 3, 2018.