The Seneg camp [1] , or the Seneg camp [2] is a historical administrative-territorial unit of the Principality of Vladimir , later the Vladimir district of the Zamoskovsky territory of the Moscow kingdom .
The extreme western camp of Vladimir district, adjacent to Pereyaslavsky and Moscow districts. It was located in the southern part of the Pokrovsky uyezd of the Vladimir province later formed on this territory [3] .
The name probably comes from the river Senga , which flowed along part of the volost and flowed into the Klyazma [3] . In the middle reaches of Sengi there is a flowing lake with the same name, and on its shore for a long time there was a village (subsequently a village) Sengo-lake . At the mouth of Sengi was repairing Senga-Lazarevka . The origin of the word "Senga" is unclear, and there are various assumptions about this. In turn, an incomprehensible semantic meaning gives rise to various pronunciations: local residents refer to the river (and lake) Senga, Sengo and even Seneg with emphasis on both the first and second syllables. It is possible that Senega is the truncated word Senega. In favor of this is the name of the ancient camp Seneg that existed here [4] .
The territory of the camp was inhabited by people from a very long time. On the banks of Sengi, the Bronze Age sites were discovered, which date back to the 3rd – 2nd millennia BC. Old Russian villages of the 12th – 13th centuries existed on the shores of Lake Senga [4] . In the second half of the XIV century, one of the water trade routes ran down the Moscow River to the mouth of the Nerskaya River, along the Nerskaya River they rose to its upper reaches and through the drains fell into the Ushma River, and from it into Klyazma [5] . It is assumed that in these times the richer region of Ushma was given to the patrimony of the Russian metropolitans. From the camp of Seneg, which belonged to the Vladimir inheritance, the metropolitan parish was named, which was called Seneg (Senga, Senezhskaya) [6] . Philologists believe that the name change occurred with the transition of the Baltic-Finnish “g” to “g” on Russian soil: Senga, Seneg - Senezh [7] .
The main units of the territorial division of ancient Rus were volosts and camps . In the XVII century, these two concepts were very often synonymous , their historical origin, and therefore their original meaning, were completely different. The oldest of the two was the parish. The volost at that time represented a rural district of known size, externally united by general elected officials, who were called elders, sotskys, etc. [8] . Based on available written sources, it is not clear which territory belonged to the Seneg camp and which belonged to the Senezh volost .
“With the gradual development of administrative activities, community-based volost division began to gradually be replaced by administrative division. The camp obviously belonged to the latter category. The camps of the ancient Russian princes and camps, that is, the former places of their stay, are mentioned on the first pages of our annals . Already at this time, the population flocked here, probably to give the princes various tributes , feed, bows and gifts, or for trial. We see the same afterwards, because we pitched in the charter letters of the 15th and 16th centuries. called the parking place of the tyun or closer , where the stern is concentrated and the court is made. Since there were several such people in the county, a comparable number of camps were arranged, and from here there were several districts that pulled the court and tribute to such a camp and also received the name of the camps. ”
- Lappo-Danilevsky A.S. , 1890. [9]
Settlements and wastelands in the 16th – 18th centuries
- In the Vozminsky half, a graveyard on Orekhovo on the Klyazma River. At the churchyard, the church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker . The church belonged to the Miloslavskaya wasteland on dry land . In 1705, the churchyard still existed [2] .
- The village of Staraya on dry land, not far from the graveyard on Orekhovo [2] .
- In the Zabolotsky half, a churchyard on the river Senga . At the churchyard, the church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker [2] .
- The village of Varenikha [2] .
- Pogost Pokrova Blessed Virgin Mary on dry land (1705) [2] .
- Seneg Pogost at the Holy Lake. At the churchyard the Church of the Transfiguration . The patriarchal fish yard was located on the churchyard. Near the graveyard were the lands of Ivan Vasilyevich Sheremetev and his wife [2] .
- Filisovo village with villages is the estate of Fyodor Ivanovich Sheremetev [2] .
- The village of Zhashyukino, later a wasteland on the river Vohn. Owners: Lev Matyushkin , Orina Balakireva, her son, her grandson Grigory Prokofievich Bolshoi Balakirev , later Grigory Prokofievich Menshoy Balakirev [2] .
- The village, the village of ашкиaski, belonged to the Camp of the Stalker Way . After the death of Grigory Prokofievich Menshiy Balakirev, the village called it passes into the possession of his own nephew Afanasy Fedorovich Protasyev, who in 1774 sold it to his outland adviser Vladimir Ivanovich Druzhinin. In 1774 V.I. Druzhinin applied to the Votchinaya collegium with a request to build a church in the village of Zhashkovo in the name of the Sign of the Blessed Virgin Mary. In 1774, such permission was obtained, in the refusal books the settlement is called: the village of Znamenskoye (Zhashkovo identity) [2] .
Notes
- ↑ Vodarsky Ya. E. Population of Russia at the end of the XVII - the beginning of the XVIII century: Number, class-class composition, distribution . - M .: Science , 1977.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Kholmogorov V.I. Materials for the history of churches in the Vladimir province. Vol. 6. Sep. 3. For Vladimir, Gus, Meduzh and Yaropolitic tithes of Vladimir district. . - Division 3, issue 6. - M .: Type. Russian Partnership, 1911.
- ↑ 1 2 Gauthier Yu. V. Materials on the historical geography of Moscow Russia. Zamoskovny districts and their camps and volosts according to the scribe and census books of the 17th century. - M .: Type. G. Lisser and D. Sovko, 1906.
- ↑ 1 2 V.N. Alekseev, V.S. Lizunov. My small homeland. Local History Guide . - Orekhovo-Zuevo, 1998.
- ↑ Veselovsky S., Snegirev V., Korobkov N. Moscow Region. Memorable places in the history of Russian culture of the 14th-19th centuries - M. , 1955.
- ↑ Cucumbers V. D. Childhood of our land // Almanac "Bogorodsk Territory". - 2001. - Vol. one.
- ↑ Yuyukin M.A. Etymological Dictionary of Chronicles of Northern and Eastern Russia. - M .: Flint, 2015 .-- 387 p. - ISBN 978-5-9765-2236-7 .
- ↑ Gauthier Yu.V. Zamoskovny krai in the 17th century . - 1st. - M. , 1906. Archived February 24, 2019 on Wayback Machine
- ↑ Lappo-Danilevsky A. S. Organization of direct taxation in the Moscow state from the time of troubles to the era of transformation. - SPb. : Type of. I.N. Skorokhodova, 1890.