Eduard Fortunat (September 17, 1565 - June 8, 1600) - Margrave of Baden-Rodemahern and Baden-Baden .
| Edward Fortunat | |||||||
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| Predecessor | Christoph II | ||||||
| Successor | Philip III | ||||||
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| Predecessor | Philip II | ||||||
| Successor | William | ||||||
| Birth | |||||||
| Death | |||||||
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| Father | |||||||
| Mother | |||||||
| Spouse | Maria van Aiken | ||||||
| Children | Wilhelm of Baden , Herman Fortunat and two more children | ||||||
Biography
Edward was born in London in the family of Christophe II , Margrave of Baden-Rodemahern and the Swedish Princess Cecilia Vaza . The name was given to him by Queen Elizabeth I of England, who was his godmother [1] . He spent his first year of life in Hampton Court Palace , England.
When his father died in 1575, he became Margrave of Baden-Rodemahern. His guardian, Duke William V of Bavaria , gave him Catholic education, and in 1584 he switched from Lutheranism to Catholicism [2] , as did his mother before. The feud between Catholics and Protestants divided the Edward family [3] .
On March 13, 1591, in Brussels, he entered into a non-church marriage with Maria van Aiken, daughter of the governor of Breda, Jos Vander Aiken, with whom he married only on May 14, 1593 [4] , after she gave birth to his daughter. They had four children, but partly due to the low origin of his wife, they were never recognized as heirs by his successor Ernst Friedrich , Margrave of Baden-Durlach [5] .
In 1587, he visited his relatives in Sweden and accompanied his cousin Sigismund III Waza , King of the Commonwealth (and then the King of Sweden), to Poland, and in 1588 he was appointed head of Polish customs and mines. In the same year, he inherited Baden-Baden, combining it with Baden-Rodemahern. However, he abused the Lutherans and wasted the resources of the territory, and his marriage and children did not receive the approval of relatives [6] . Therefore, in 1594, his cousin Ernst Friedrich, Margrave of Baden-Durlach, took over the rule of all Baden-Baden. Edward's sons were restored in their rights only in 1622 after the Battle of Wimpfen , when their Catholic faith became an advantage [7] [8] .
Edward inherited debts from his parents and gained even more [9] . Having lost margrave, he lived in various castles and tried to raise money by engaging in coinage [10] , alchemy, and using black magic to harm Ernst Friedrich [11] . He also tried to poison Ernst Friedrich [12] [13] . Presumably, he seduced and caused the death of his castellan's daughter in the castle of Iburg (now it is destroyed and her ghost lives in ruins) [14] .
In 1597, he was sent to Germany to recruit mercenaries on behalf of the Spanish government. [15] In 1598, he participated in the attempt of his cousin Sigismund to take the throne of Sweden from his uncle Charles IX and at the battle of Stonebra . Edward was captured and briefly imprisoned by the Danes [16] .
He died in 1600 at Castellown Castle after falling from a stone staircase, possibly being drunk. [17]
Children
Edward was married to Maria van Aiken (1571-1636). They had three sons and a daughter:
- Anna Maria Lucretia (1592-1654)
- Wilhelm (1593-1677), inherited from his father as Margrave of Baden-Baden
- Herman Fortunat (1595–1665), became Margrave of Baden-Rodemahern
- Albrecht Karl (1598-1626)
Notes
- ↑ Edmund Lodge, Illustrations of British History, biography, and Manners, in the Reigns of Henry VIII, Edward VI, Mary, Elizabeth, and James , Volume 1, Bensley, 1838, p. 437 .
- ↑ Lebensbilder aus Baden-Württemberg , Kommission für Geschichtliche Landeskunde in Baden-Württemberg, 2005, p. 5 (German).
- ↑ John M'Clintock and James Strong, Cyclopaedia of Biblical, Theological, and Ecclesiastical Literature , Volume 8, New York: Harper, 1894, p. 237
- ↑ Eugen von Chrismar, Genealogie des Gesammthauses Baden: vom 16. Jahrhundert bis Heute , Gotha: Friedrich Andreas Perthes, 1892, p. 124 (German).
- ↑ Max Bauer, Die Deutsche Frau in der Vergangenheit , Berlin: Alfred Schall, nd [1907], p. 398 (German).
- ↑ Charles Francis Coghlan, The Beauties of Baden-Baden and Its Environs , London: F. Coghlan, 1858, p. 14 (wrongly stating 1569).
- ↑ Cambridge Modern History , Ed. AW Ward, GW Prothero, Stanley Leathes, volume 4, The Thirty Years' War , New York: Macmillan, 1906, repr. 1911, pp. 79 , 84
- ↑ "Die Sponheimische Successionssache," Hermes, oder, Kritisches Jahrbuch der Literatur , Volume 31 (1828), 265–301, p. 289 (German).
- ↑ von Chrismar, p. 78 (German).
- ↑ Henry Montague Hozier and William Henry Davenport Adams, The Franco-Prussian War: Its Causes, Incidents, and Consequences , volume 2, London: William MacKenzie, 1872, p. 76
- ↑ Charles Knox, Traditions of Western Germany: The Black Forest, the Neckar, the Odenwald, the Taunus, the Rhine, and the Moselle , volume 1, The Black Forest and Its Neighborhood , London: Saunders and Otley, 1841, "The Image at the Yburg, " pp. 167–68, 170–74
- ↑ von Chrismar, p. 127 (German)
- ↑ Werner Baumann, Ernst Friedrich von Baden-Durlach: die Bedeutung der Religion für Leben und Politik eines Süddeutschen Fürsten im Zeitalter der Gegenreformation , Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 1962, p. 76 (German).
- ↑ Knox, pp . 167–77 .
- ↑ Friedrich Back, Die Evangelische Kirche im Lande zwischen Rhein, Mosel, Nahe und Glan: Bis zum Beginn des Dreißigjährigen Krieges , Bonn: Adolph Mareus, 1872–1874, p. 518 (German)
- ↑ von Chrismar, p. 123 (German).
- ↑ Sharpe's London Magazine , Volume 10 (1850), p. 315 .