The postage stamps of the sixth standard series of the USSR (1939-1956) ( TsFA No. 693-701) were put into circulation from August 1939 to December 1956.
In August 1939, the sixth standard issue stamps were issued, which was published until December 1956 [1] [2] .
The first issue of the sixth standard issue began in August 1939 and continued until March 1940. In three miniatures in denominations of 5, 15 and 30 kopecks, the artist V. Sidelnikov depicted a miner , a Red Army man and a pilot (identical to those depicted on banknotes of 1, 3 and 5 rubles of the 1938 series) [Comm 1] . In March 1943, the series was supplemented by a stamp with a face value of 60 cents depicting the Coat of Arms of the USSR, also authored by V. Sidelnikov. The first print run was printed on plain paper, with teeth. Stamps of 15 and 30 kopecks are also known without teeth [1] [2] .
In September 1946, a stamp of 30 kopecks (pilot) was reissued. She was printed lithographically . In September 1947, stamps with face values of 15 (Soviet soldier) and 30 kopecks (pilot) were offset offset. In December of the same year, a miniature of 60 cents was released with a new design - the Spasskaya Tower of the Kremlin . It was printed in a printing way. In December 1956, a stamp with a face value of 5 kopecks (miner) was reprinted, printing it with an offset [1] [2] .
Stamps of the sixth standard issue were reprinted almost annually until 1960, on paper of different thickness, color and quality, in various shades of color and with systematically repeated graphic deviations. A significant number of stamps of this issue, especially during the war years, fell into the handling of defects [2] .
The order of the elements in the table [Comm 2] corresponds to the catalog number of the USSR stamps ( CFA ) [4] [5] [6] , the numbers in the Mikhel catalog [7] are given in parentheses.
| No the catalog | Picture | Description and sources | Face value rub | date release | Circulation | Painter |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ( CFA No. 693) ( Mi # 676IA) |  | Miner , brick red (15 × 22.5 mm) [Comm 3] [4] [5] [7] [9] . | 0.05 | August 1939 | mass | V. Sidelnikov and collective artists Goznak. |
| ( CFA No. 694) ( Mi # 679IA) |  | Red Army soldier , dark green [Comm 4] [4] [5] [7] [9] . | 0.15 | September 1939 | mass | V. Sidelnikov and collective artists Goznak. |
| ( CFA No. 695) ( Mi # 682IA) |  | Pilot [Comm 1] , dark blue [Comm 5] [4] [5] [7] [9] . | 0.30 | August 1939 | mass | V. Sidelnikov and collective artists Goznak. |
| ( CFA No. 696) ( Mi # 855) |  | Coat of arms of the USSR , reddish brown [Comm 6] [4] [5] [9] [11] . | 0.60 | March 15th 1943 year | mass | V. Sidelnikov and collective artists Goznak. |
| ( CFA No. 697) ( Mi # 682IIIA) |  | Pilot [Comm 1] , blue [Comm 7] [4] [5] [7] [9] . | 0.30 | September 1946 | mass | V. Sidelnikov and collective artists Goznak. |
| ( CFA No. 698) ( Mi # 679IIA) |  | Red Army soldier , green [Comm 8] [4] [5] [7] [9] . | 0.15 | September 1947 | mass | V. Sidelnikov and collective artists Goznak. |
| ( CFA No. 699) ( Mi # 682IIA) |  | Pilot [Comm 1] , ultramarine [Comm 9] [4] [5] [7] [9] . | 0.30 | September 1947 | mass | V. Sidelnikov and collective artists Goznak. |
| ( CFA No. 700) ( Mi # 1244) |  | Spasskaya Tower of the Moscow Kremlin , light red [Comm 10] [4] [5] [9] [14] . | 0.60 | December 1947 | mass | V. Sidelnikov and collective artists Goznak. |
| ( CFA No. 701) ( Mi # 676IIA) |  | Miner, red (14.2 × 21.5 mm) [Comm 11] [4] [5] [7] [9] . | 0.05 | December 1956 | mass | V. Sidelnikov and collective artists Goznak. |
Falsifications
The release of any falsifications pursues certain goals. In the case of postage stamps, the counterfeiter most often has two goals: cheating mail and cheating collectors. Stamps for cheating mail were actively produced at the beginning of the last (XX century) for the purpose of their use in postal circulation. Such forgeries were quite widespread and caused great damage to state mail. Some fakes were made on professional equipment abroad and illegally transported across the border. With the improvement of printing technologies and the degree of protection of postage signs from fakes, this type of falsification has almost completely stopped, including due to financial inexpediency. The bulk of the fakes is made to deceive collectors. Most often, such fakes imitate rare specimens and their varieties: typos, rare combinations of denticles, shades of color and paper grade. However, there are fakes of less popular (cheaper) stamps made in the expectation of the lack of expertise of such philatelic material [15] .
For early issues of USSR postage stamps, cogging was not regulated, and stamps within one issue were perforated using different technologies. Circulations of postage stamps with different varieties of perforation very often differed significantly, which caused a greater rarity of one type of perforation and, as a result, a higher market value of such a variety. Counterfeiters skillfully used this circumstance, who achieved a rare variety of perforation on a regular brand. In some cases, such marks are easy to distinguish from genuine ones, because they have a shorter distance between opposite (parallel) rows of teeth (it’s enough to put such a mark on the genuine one with ordinary teeth, and its size will be smaller than the original). Also, on fakes, traces of the previous dentation may remain. In the case when the same type of stamps was officially issued with varieties of perforation and in the toothless version, the counterfeit can be distinguished by the structure and shape of the puncture holes at high magnification. However, in most cases qualified expertise is required. Fake postage stamps with rare varieties of perforation are common, which are made from toothless stamps of the same design and face value . Moreover, the examination of such fakes is extremely difficult. In addition, fraud of a different kind occurs when a rare (expensive) variety of toothless mark is made from a perforated outlet. Recognizing this kind of falsification is relatively not difficult, because officially issued toothless stamps have wide fields. Stamps of the fourth standard issue with a face value of 10 kopecks were falsified from tooth specimens, on which false perforation was applied on top of the existing denticles. Finding such a fake is easy. It is enough to compare the suspicious mark with the original one, which has genuine denticles, or carefully check the accuracy and shape of the teeth and holes. If there is a suspicion that a new dentate is applied on top of an existing one, the brand should be carefully measured. In 1957, the so-called "reduced stamps" became famous - falsification of the size of the postage mark was subjected to a stamp with a face value of 5 kopecks (miner) of the sixth issue of standard stamps of the USSR, which officially had only two varieties : ( CFA No. 693) - brick red, size 15 × 22.5 mm pattern, printing on plain paper without a watermark , perforated: combined comb teeth 12: 12½ (12: 12½ teeth for every 2 centimeters of the edge of the brand), date of issue 1939 [4] [5] [8] and ( CFA No. 701) - red, size Figure 14.2 × 21.5 mm, offset printing on plain paper, perforated: Comb comb tooth 12: 12½. It differs from the brand ( CFA No. 693) not only in the reduced size of the pattern, but also in the presence of a white ring on the handle of the jackhammer near the miner’s little finger, the date of the beginning of the emission was 1956 [4] [5] [8] . Counterfeiters subjected ordinary brands of mercerization (a method of shrinkage of fabrics used in the textile industry), resulting in reduced-size stamps that were offered to collectors as "projects", "essays", or officially published new varieties of the brand with a face value of 5 cents (miner). Thus, reduced in size to 13.5 × 18.5 mm stamps fell to collectors. It is quite simple to recognize such falsification: in the process of shrinkage (mercerization), in addition to reducing the total area of the postage stamp, the perforation also changes, which became 13:14 for counterfeit products (for every 2 centimeters of the edge of the stamp there are 13:14 teeth) instead of 12: 12½ genuine ones. In addition, after the mercerization procedure, brands usually lose glue [16] .
Comments
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 In the catalog of the Standard Collection edited by Zagorsky, the name of the figure is “ paratrooper ” [3] .
- ↑ Below is a list of standard brands (with the ability to sort by face value, circulation and date of issue).
- ↑ Miner, brick red. The size of the picture is 15 × 22.5 mm. Typographic printing on plain paper without a watermark , perforated: combined comb tooth 12: 12½ (for every 2 centimeters of the edge of the brand there are 12: 12½ teeth). In stamp sheets of 100 (10 × 10) stamps [4] [5] [8] .
- ↑ Red Army man, dark green. Typographic printing on plain paper without a watermark , perforated: combined comb tooth 12: 12½ (for every 2 centimeters of the edge of the brand there are 12: 12½ teeth). In stamp sheets of 100 (10 × 10) stamps [4] [5] [8] .
- ↑ Pilot [Comm 1] , dark blue. Typographic printing on plain paper without a watermark , perforated: combined comb tooth 12: 12½ (for every 2 centimeters of the edge of the brand there are 12: 12½ teeth). In stamp sheets of 100 (10 × 10) stamps [4] [5] [8] .
- ↑ Coat of arms of the USSR, reddish brown. Typographic printing on plain paper without a watermark , perforated: combined comb tooth 12: 12½ (for every 2 centimeters of the edge of the brand there are 12: 12½ teeth). Variety ( CFA No. 696A) ( Mi # 855) on thick paper. In stamp sheets of 100 (10 × 10) stamps [4] [5] [10] .
- ↑ Pilot [Comm 1] , blue. Lithography on plain paper without a watermark , perforated: combined comb tooth 12: 12½ (for every 2 centimeters of the edge of the mark there are 12: 12½ teeth). It differs from the brand ( CFA No. 695) , printed in a typographic way, the absence of a depressed pattern, a white spot on the face behind the orbit, hatching of the collar and other details. In stamp sheets of 100 (10 × 10) stamps [4] [5] [12] .
- ↑ Red Army man, green. Offset printing on plain paper without a watermark , perforated: combined comb tooth 12: 12½ (for every 2 centimeters of the edge of the brand there are 12: 12½ teeth). Variety ( CFA No. 698A) ( Mi # 679IIC) with linear serration 12½. In stamp sheets of 100 (10 × 10) stamps [4] [5] [8] .
- ↑ Pilot [Comm 1] , ultramarine. Offset printing on plain paper without a watermark , perforated: combined comb tooth 12: 12½ (for every 2 centimeters of the edge of the brand there are 12: 12½ teeth). Variety ( CFA No. 699A) ( Mi # 682IIC) with linear serration 12½. In stamp sheets of 100 (10 × 10) stamps [4] [5] [8] .
- ↑ Spasskaya Tower of the Moscow Kremlin , light red. Typographic printing on plain paper without a watermark , perforated: linear serration 12½ (for every 2 centimeters of the edge of the brand there are 12½ teeth). In stamp sheets of 100 (10 × 10) stamps [4] [5] [13] .
- ↑ Miner, red. The size of the figure is 14.2 × 21.5 mm. Offset printing on plain paper without a watermark , perforated: combined comb tooth 12: 12½ (for every 2 centimeters of the edge of the brand there are 12: 12½ teeth). It differs from the brand ( CFA No. 693) not only in the reduced size of the picture, but also in the presence of a white ring on the handle of the jackhammer near the miner’s little finger. In stamp sheets of 100 (10 × 10) stamps [4] [5] [8] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 Owner N.I. Philatelic geography. Soviet Union. - M .: Radio and communications, 1982. - 96 p.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Catalog directory of standard stamps of the USSR 1923-1991 / Auto-comp. A. Pevzner. - M. , 2004 .-- 92 s. - (Appendix to the journal Philately)
- ↑ Postage stamp catalog. 1961-1991. USSR / Under the general. ed. V. B. Zagorsky. - 2nd ed. - SPb. : Standard Collection, 2005 .-- 331 p. - ISBN 5-902275-12-1 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Catalog of the postage stamps of Russia and the USSR: postage stamps of the USSR 1939 . stamprus.ru. Date of access February 24, 2019. Archived July 3, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Solo-4, 2009 , p. 57-58.
- ↑ Solo-4, 2009 , p. 184.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 MICHEL-Sowjetunion, 2017 , p. 107-108.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 MICHEL-Sowjetunion, 2017 , p. 107.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 MICHEL, 2017 , p. 590–990.
- ↑ MICHEL-Sowjetunion, 2017 , p. 133.
- ↑ MICHEL-Sowjetunion, 2017 , p. 132-140.
- ↑ MICHEL-Sowjetunion, 2017 , p. 108.
- ↑ MICHEL-Sowjetunion, 2017 , p. 191-192.
- ↑ MICHEL-Sowjetunion, 2017 , p. 184-197.
- ↑ Vovin, 1972 , p. 6-8.
- ↑ Vovin, 1972 , p. 76.
Literature
- MICHEL. Osteuropa 2017/2018 (EK 7) (E-Book) : [ him. ] . - 102. Aufl., In Farbe. - Schwaneberger Verlag GmbH, 2017 .-- 1184 p. - ISBN 9783954029556 .
- MICHEL. Sowjetunion-Spezial 2017 (E-Book) : [ him. ] . - 3. Aufl., In Farbe. - Schwaneberger Verlag GmbH, 2017 .-- 996 p. - ISBN 9783954029006 .
- Vovin, Y. M. Part One. Description of the main falsifications. // Handbook for the examination of Soviet postage stamps .. - M .: "Communication", 1972. - S. 14-82. - 88 p.
- Solovyov V. Yu. RSFSR, USSR (1923-1960). // Postage stamps of Russia and the USSR. Specialized catalog. Volume 4 .. - M .: IzdAT, 2009. - S. 27-30. - 197 p. - ISBN 978-5-86656-238-1 .
Links
- Catalog of postage stamps of Russia and the USSR: postage stamps of the USSR 1939 . stamprus.ru. Date of access February 24, 2019. Archived July 3, 2017.